西昌某奶牛场乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验  

Isolation and Identification of Bovine Mastitis Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Sensitivity Test in a Dairy Farm in Xichang

作　　者：杨克利 周美琪 张涛 邹宏 何晓露 韦汉群 张文丽[1] 郝桂英[1] YANG Keli;ZHOU Meiqi;ZHANG Tao;ZOU Hong;HE Xiaolu;WEI Hanqun;ZHANG Wenli;HAO Guiying(School of Animal Science,Xichang University,Xichang,Sichuan 615013,China;Agricultural Sciences Research Institute of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Xichang,Sichuan,615000,China;Xichang Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Xichang,Sichuan 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]西昌学院动物科学学院,四川西昌615013 [2]凉山彝族自治州农业科学研究院,四川西昌615000 [3]西昌市农业农村局,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《西昌学院学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期13-19,共7页Journal of Xichang University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：攀西动物疫病检测与防控四川省高校重点实验室基本科研业务费项目(341)。

摘　　要：[目的]为了确定导致西昌市某奶牛场引起乳房炎的病原。[方法]无菌采集患病奶牛乳样2份进行细菌分离培养、形态学观察、生化鉴定、溶血酵素基因(khe)和16S rRNA基因鉴定、小鼠致病性试验以及药敏试验。[结果](1)分离到1株菌,该菌为革兰氏阴性的粗短杆菌,形态学观察与生化特性均与肺炎克雷伯菌相符合;(2)khe和16S rRNA基因序列与GenBank中肺炎克雷伯菌的同源性分别为99.6%~99.8%和99.7%~100%,因此,将分离菌确定为肺炎克雷伯菌,并将其命名为XC1分离菌株;(3)小鼠致病性试验结果显示,4只接种小鼠均在接种第3天全部死亡,表明XC1分离菌株具有较强的毒力;(4)药敏试验结果显示,XC1分离菌株对恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、头孢比肟和头孢他啶高度敏感,对妥布霉素、庆大霉素和新霉素中度敏感,对红霉素、氨苄西林和阿莫西林耐药。[结论]该奶牛场发生的乳房炎与肺炎克雷伯菌感染有关,且XC1分离菌株对临床常用的抗生素存在不同程度的耐药性。[Objective]In order to determine the pathogenic bacteria causing bovine mastitis in a dairy farm in Xichang,[Method]Two milk samples were collected from dairy cows with mastitis for isolation.The isolated strain was further identified by morphological observation,biochemical identification,khe and 16S rRNA gene identification,mice patho⁃genicity test and drug resistance analysis.[Result](1)One strain was isolated,which was gram-negative bacterium,with shot rod-shaped under microscopic examination.The results of morphological identification and biochemical charac⁃teristics were consistent with Klebsiella pneumonia.(2)The sequence homologies of khe and 16S rRNA genes and K.pneumonia in GenBank were 99.6%~99.8%and 99.7%~100%,respectively.Therefore,the isolated bacteria can be identified as K.pneumonia and named XC1.(3)The results of the mice pathogenicity test showed that all four mice died on the third day of inoculation,indicating that the isolate of XC1 had strong virulence.(4)The drug sensitivity test re⁃sults showed that the isolate of XC1 was highly sensitive to enrofloxacin,norfloxacin,cefepime and ceftazidime;moder⁃ate sensitive to tobramycin,gentamicin and neomycin;and resistant to erythromycin,ampicillin and amoxicillin.[Con⁃clusion]The results of this study demonstrated that the occurrence of mastitis on the dairy farm was associated with Kleb⁃siella pneumonia infection,and the isolate of XC1 showed different degrees of resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

关 键 词：奶牛乳房炎 肺炎克雷伯菌 分离鉴定 药敏试验 西昌 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]