N-乙酰基转移酶10通过催化赖氨酸残基和胞嘧啶碱基的乙酰化修饰在多种生物学过程和疾病中发挥作用  

NAT10 is an Acetyltransferase to Lysine and Cytidine Residues and RegulatesVarious Biological Processes and Diseases

作　　者：周锐 隋亚奇 赵文会 ZHOU Rui;SUI Ya-Qi;ZHAO Wen-Hui(Department of Physiology,School of Life Sciences,Chongqing University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学生命科学学院生理学系,重庆401331

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2024年第2期160-169,共10页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

摘　　要：N-乙酰基转移酶10(N-acetyltransferase 10,NAT10)是一种具有乙酰基转移酶活性的核仁蛋白质,可催化蛋白质赖氨酸残基和RNA胞嘧啶碱基的乙酰化修饰。近年来,大量研究表明,这些乙酰化修饰在端粒酶活性调节、细胞基本且核心功能的调节、细胞胁迫响应、DNA损伤修复、细胞周期调控、核糖体RNA的生物学合成、mRNA稳定性及翻译效率的调节等多种生命活动中发挥重要作用,并且与人类癌症、Hutchinson-Gilford早衰综合症(Hutchinson-Gilford premature aging syndrome,HGPS)的发生、发展和预后密切相关。然而,关于NAT10的研究仍存在一些局限性,例如NAT10完整的结构以及这些结构对其功能的影响仍未知,由NAT10调控的细胞基本功能也尚不清楚,并且NAT10对人类癌症和HGPS发展的具体影响机制也待阐明。本文从NAT10的结构、酶活性、生物学功能及其在疾病中的作用进行了综述,并提出了目前研究的局限性,展望了未来的研究方向,以期为NAT10的相关研究提供参考。The nucleolar protein N-acetyltransferase 10(NAT10)is responsible for catalyzing the acetylation of both lysine and cytidine residues.At present,plenty of studies have revealed that these acetylation modifications play vital roles in numerous physiological processes,such as telomerase activity,stress response,DNA damage repair,cell cycle regulation,rRNA biosynthesis regulation,mRNA stability,and translation.Additionally,NAT10 has a strong association with the progression and prognosis of human cancers and Hutchinson-Gilford premature aging syndrome(HGPS).However,there are still some limitations.For example,the complete structure of NAT10 and the impact of these structures on functions are still unknown,the cellular functions mediated by NAT10 remain unclear and the exact mechanism by which NAT10 influences human cancers and HGPS progression is needed to be clarified.This review covers the structure,enzymatic activity,biological functions,as well as roles in diseases of NAT10.We also propose the limitations of current research and envision the future research directions,aiming to provide a reference for NAT10 research.

关 键 词：N-乙酰基转移酶10 乙酰化修饰 rRNA生物学合成 mRNA稳定性及翻译效率调节 Hutchinson-Gilford早衰综合症 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学]