豫北中原官话的小称形式和语义功能  

The Classification and Semantic Functions of Diminutives in Northern Henan's Central Plains Mandarin

作　　者：申少帅[1] 辛永芬 Shen Shaoshuai;Xin Yongfen

机构地区：[1]河南大学外语学院/中国语言文学博士后流动站,河南开封475001 [2]河南大学文学院/语言科学与语言规划研究所,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期94-98,155,共6页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于大型语料库的中原官话共时比较与历时探考研究”(21&ZD286)阶段性成果;河南省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“基于原始语根假说的英汉词汇系统音义相似性比较研究”(2021CYY031)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：豫北中原官话的小称表达形式可以分为六种,即儿化、附加前缀“圪”、附加前缀“□[·au]/小”、附加后缀“子”、附加后缀“□[·nau]/妮^(Z)[niau^(24)]/[·niou]/[·nio]”和混合叠用。混合叠用属于小称强化式,又可以分为“圪+儿化”“□[·au]/小+儿化”“□[·au]/小+圪+儿化”和“□[·au]/小+/[·nau]/妮^(Z)[niau^(24)]/[·niou]/[·nio]”四个小类。语义功能上,儿化的扩展能力最强,已由词法层面扩展到句法层面,其用于名词的原始小称义开始受到磨损。目前,强化式“□[·au]/小+儿化”已经发展成为豫北中原官话最活跃、能产性最强的名词小称形式。The forms of diminutives in Central Plains Mandarin of Northern Henan can be categorized into six distinct types:rhoticization;prefixing with“圪”(ge);prefixing with“□[·au]/小(xiao)”;suffixing with“子”(zi);suffixing with“□[·nau]/妮^(Z)[niau^(24)]/□[·niou]/□[·nio]”;combination,a form of diminutive intensification,which can further be divided into four subcategories,namely“圪(ge)+rhoticization”,“□[·au]/小(xiao)+rhoticization”,“□[·au]/小(xiao)+rhoticization”and“□[·au]/小(xiao)+□[·nau]/妮^(Z)[niau^(24)]/□[·niou]/□[·nio]”.In terms of their semantic function,the rhoticization form shows the strongest extension capabilities,having extended from the lexical level to the syntactic level,and its original diminutive sense when used for nouns has begun to wear away.At present,the intensification form“□[·au]/小(xiao)+rhoticization”has become the most active and productive form of diminutive nouns in Central Plains Mandarin of Northern Henan.

关 键 词：豫北中原官话 小称类型 语义功能 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]