怀特黑德《第一区》中的都市荒原书写与现代性反思  

Metropolitan Wasteland Writing and Reflection on Modernity in Colson Whitehead's Zone One

作　　者：郭昕 Guo Xin(School of Foreign Studies,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学外国语学院,陕西西安710129

出　　处：《外国文学》2024年第1期59-70,共12页Foreign Literature

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“科尔森·怀特黑德小说中的种族史书写研究”(D5000220231);西北工业大学2023年课程建设项目“中西科幻文学鉴赏”(23GH0104020)。

摘　　要：怀特黑德的《第一区》以僵尸清扫队员斯皮兹的视角,讲述了“美国凤凰”临时政府通过射杀僵尸和搭建阻隔围墙来重建遭受僵尸重创的纽约市,但是最终失败的故事。斯皮兹对灾难前纽约的回忆揭示了纽约作为资本渗透的欲望之都的荒原本质。他对重建意义的疑虑及僵尸推倒围墙的情节反转,解构了临时政府宣扬的现代进步话语,也促使其选择在如潮水般涌入城市的僵尸群中“学习如何游泳”。本文认为,小说借用科幻小说提供的社会试验场域和僵尸的种族身份指涉,实现了西美尔式生命界限的超越,从象征层面挣脱了现代都市荒原的阶级与种族藩篱,质疑并试图疗愈在机械复制中消解人类主体性的现代性强迫病症。In Colson Whitehead's Zone One,the provisional government"American Phoenix"fails in reconstructing zombie-stricken New York by killing zombies and constructing a wall to frustrate zombies'progress.According to this essay,the zombie sweeper Spitz's recollection about New York before the apocalypse,reveals the wasteland essence of this capitalized desire-laden metropolis.His doubts on the reconstruction's meaning and the unexpected collapse of the wall,not only deconstruct the government's modern progress discourse,but also urge him to enter into the living dead sea to"learn how to swim."This zombie science fiction thus constructs a literary experiment setting in which Spitz symbolically crosses class and racial barricades of the modern metropolitan wasteland and achieves the transcendence of life boarder in Georg Simmel's metaphysics.These crossings not only question but also attempt to cure the modern compulsiveness due to which human beings'subjectivity is deconstructed in mechanical reproduction.

关 键 词：怀特黑德 《第一区》 都市荒原 现代性 反思 

分 类 号：I712[文学—其他各国文学]