海外回归的两件粟特彩绘浮雕石床前档图像  

On Two Color-painted Gilt Bas-relief Stone-Bed Front-PanelsRepatriated from Overseas

作　　者：荣新江[1] Rong Xinjiang

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2024年第1期21-29,164,共10页Palace Museum Journal

摘　　要：本文对美国纽约曼哈顿区检察办公室返还中国的两座石棺床底座的前档图像做了详细介绍,并联系其他相同类型的石棺床或石椁图像,如2000年西安北郊(北周长安城东郊)发现的北周同州萨保安伽石屏、2003年在安伽墓附近发现的北周凉州萨保史君石椁、1999年山西太原发现的隋虞弘石椁、20世纪90年代初日本美秀美术馆购藏的北朝后期石床围屏、20世纪初河南安阳一座北齐墓出土而流散海外的石床围屏上面的图像,指出两个石床前档的中心构图是人面鹰足的祆神斯洛沙(Srō?)护持着神圣的火坛,证明这两件前档图像的祆教文化属性,并参考安伽、史君、虞弘的族属,推测拥有这两座石床的墓主人应当是信奉祆教的入华粟特人,很可能是北齐都城邺城或附近的胡人聚落首领——萨甫。This thesis presents in detail two blocks of color-painted gilt bas-relief stonebed front-panels repatriated by Manhattan District Attorney’s Office,New York,USA identifying the human-faced eagle-footed figures in the central motif of both as the Spirit of Zoroastrian Srōšprotecting the sacred fire altar to stand for the Zoroastrian symbolism as the result of the contrast analysis in pattern and design with the images on the stone beds or coffins of same type unearthed somewhere else,such as the Northern-Zhou An Jia’s stone-screen in the northward suburb of Xi’an in 2000,the stone coffin of Shi Jun’s tomb next to Anjia’s tomb in 2003,the Sui-dynasty Yu Hong’s stone coffin in Taiyuan of Shanxi Province in 1999,the Northern-Dynasty stone bed screen purchased by Mixiu Art Museum of Japan in 1990s and the relief-carving unearthed at the Northern-Qi tomb in Anyang of Henan Province in the 20th century.Judging from the clans’relatives of An Jia,Shi Jun and Yu Hong,it is suggested that the masters of the funerary stone beds be the Chinese Sogdian with Zoroastrianism faith who serve as Safu,the chief of the Sogdian community or settlement in or around by Yecheng,the capital of the Northern-Qi Dynasty.

关 键 词：粟特石棺床 安伽 史君 虞弘 祆神 萨甫 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]