共生式国际发展合作新范式下的中国对外技术援助——以菌草技术援外为例  

China's Foreign Technical Assistance Under New Paradigm of Symbiotic International Development Cooperation:Taking Juncao Technology Assistance as Example

作　　者：王翠梅 Wang Cuimei(Fudan University)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《国际经济合作》2024年第1期59-72,87,88,共16页Journal of International Economic Cooperation

摘　　要：传统技术援助是国际发展援助的重要形式之一,并随着国际发展援助向国际发展合作的演化而呈现转型升级之势。中国对外技术援助特别是农业技术援助在中国引领全球发展新态势下表现亮眼,在中西援助范式比较视野下独具特色。发达国家主导的南北援助固守一种寄生式国际发展援助旧范式,极易导致援助依赖或援助负担。旧范式下的传统技术援助受制于供给驱动、单向灌输、制度导向、最佳实践等模式,其有效性存在争议。相较而言,南南合作框架下的中国对外援助正在或已然开创一种共生式国际发展合作新范式,有望兼顾发展有效性和合作可持续性。新范式下的中国对外技术援助内含供需对接、多向交流、发展导向、在地实践四大机制,致力于“授人以渔”。菌草技术援外既是新范式的集中体现,也是中国援外扶贫的品牌项目,对中国国际发展合作与全球发展议程具有重要意义。Traditional technical assistance is one of the important forms of international development assistance,and it is undergoing transformation and upgrading with the evolution of international development assistance toward international development cooperation.China's foreign technical assistance,especially agricultural one,has performed outstandingly in the new trend of China's leading global development,and is particularly unique in terms of aid paradigms when compared with the West's assistance.North-South assistance led by developed countries maintains an old paradigm of parasitic international development assistance,which can easily lead to aid dependence or aid burden.Traditional technical assistance under the old paradigm is subject to the modes of supply drive,one-way infusion,institutional orientation and best practice,and its effectiveness is controversial.In comparison,China's foreign aid in the framework of SouthSouth Cooperation creates a new paradigm of symbiotic international development cooperation,which is expected to combine development effectiveness and cooperation sustainability.China's foreign technical assistance under the new paradigm includes such four mechanisms as supply and demand docking,multi-directional communication,development orientation and local practice,and it is committed to“teaching a man to fish.”Juncao technology assistance is not only an embodiment of the new paradigm,but also a major brand of China's foreign aid for poverty alleviation,which is of significance for China's international development cooperation and global development agenda.

关 键 词：技术援助 范式创新 共生 国际发展合作 中国对外援助 

分 类 号：D82[政治法律—政治学] F114.4[政治法律—外交学]