SDBS微乳液制备及其对石油污染土壤清洗效果研究  

Preparation of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate Microemulsion and its Cleaning Effect on Oil-contaminated Soil

作　　者：牛明芬[1] 荣鑫 徐丽[1] 李刚[2,3] NIU Mingfen;RONG Xin;XU Li;LI Gang(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang,China,110168;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang,China,110016;National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process,Shenyang,China,110016)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]污染土壤生物-物化协同修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期1145-1152,共8页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1801900)。

摘　　要：目的利用阴离子型表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、无机电解质、有机相与去离子水配制微乳液,研究微乳液的稳定性,利用配置的微乳液对石油污染土壤进行清洗,探究方法可行性以及最佳参数条件。方法采用Shah法,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面活性剂、分别以正丁醇、NaCl、Na_(2)CO_(3)、Na_(2)SiO_(3)、有机相正庚烷为助表面活性剂制备微乳液,通过绘制拟三元相图研究微乳液体系稳定性;分析该微乳液对石油污染土壤的洗脱率。结果配制的微乳液Ⅲ对含油量为10.6%的石油污染土壤去除率达到90.47%,清洗后的土壤含油率为1.01%,对比单一表面活性剂SDBS的石油烃脱附效率提高了32.31%。结论该微乳液脱附效率显著高于单一或其他复配溶液药剂,可作为高浓度石油污染土壤修复的主要备选技术。The stability of the prepared microemulsion was investigated to explore the feasibility and optimal parameters of microemulsion cleaning of petroleum contaminated soil,to optimize the optimal group allocation ratio of microemulsion and the preparation conditions.The organic phase containing surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS),cosurfactant nbutanol,inorganic salts NaCl,Na_(2)CO_(3),Na_(2)SiO_(3),and n-heptane were selected as the main component to prepare a microemulsion by Shah method,which was used to clean up oil contaminated soil with oil content 10.6%.Microemulsion system stability was characterized by plotting pseudo ternary phase diagrams.The elution rates of oil from contaminated soils by different types of detergents,such as microemulsion with single SDBS surfactant wash,SDBS complex inorganic salt wash,and n-heptane wash at the same mass fraction,were compared.The cleaned soil had an oil content of 1.01%and removal reached 90.47%,which resulted in a 32.31%increase in oil hydrocarbon desorption efficiency compared to the single surfactant SDBS.So the microemulsions are used for oil contaminated soil cleaning,and the desorption effect is significantly improved over that of single surfactant SDBS and so on,which can be used as the main alternative technique for the remediation of highly concentrated contaminated soils.

关 键 词：微乳液 表面活性剂 石油污染土壤 化学清洗 SDBS 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]