量子通信技术及应用研究综述  

Overview of quantum communication technology and application research

作　　者：李冲霄 李卓[1] LI Chongxiao;LI Zhuo(School of Communication Engineering,Xidian Univetsity,Xi’an 710071,China;The 54th Research Institute of CETC,Shijiazhuang 050081,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学通信工程学院,西安710071 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所,石家庄050081

出　　处：《空间电子技术》2024年第1期72-80,共9页Space Electronic Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:U19B2025)。

摘　　要：量子通信技术自20世纪80年代诞生以来,获得了突飞猛进的发展。文章将量子通信技术及应用研究划分为量子通信协议研究、量子通信工程技术研究以及量子通信应用研究等三方面。在对量子密钥分发、量子秘密共享、量子隐形传态和量子安全直接通信等量子通信协议的技术原理、应用领域和研究进展进行分析对比的基础上,对量子光源产生、量子随机数发生、量子纠缠编码和单光子探测等量子通信工程技术的研究现状进行了总结,并对当前世界各国在量子通信链路构建、量子通信网络构建和量子通信系统构建等方面的主要研究进展进行了介绍,指出了量子通信当前存在的通信速率低、传输距离近、制造成本高等问题,明确了未来的发展方向,可以为量子通信技术和应用相关研究提供一定的参考。Quantum communication technology has undergone rapid development since its inception in the 1980s.This article divides quantum communication technology and application research into three aspects:quantum communication protocol research,quantum communication engineering technology research,and quantum communication application research.On the basis of analyzing and comparing the technical principles,application fields,and research progress of quantum communication protocols such as quantum key distribution,quantum secret sharing,quantum teleportation,and quantum secure direct communication,this paper summarizes the current research status of quantum communication engineering technologies such as quantum light source generation,quantum random number generation,quantum entanglement coding,and single photon detection.The main research progress in the construction of quantum communication links,quantum communication networks and quantum communication systems in various countries around the world was introduced.The current problems of low communication speed,short transmission distance,and high manufacturing costs in quantum communication was pointed out.The future development direction was clarified,which can provide some references for research related to quantum communication technology and applications.

关 键 词：量子通信技术 量子通信应用 量子纠缠 

分 类 号：V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TN918.1[电子电信—通信与信息系统]