面向喷头空行程长度最小化的多零件优化布局方法  

Optimizing the multi-part layout to minimize the empty travel distance of nozzle

作　　者：邢晓月 陶秀挺 王姝钫 潘万彬[1] XING Xiao-yue;TAO Xiu-ting;WANG Shu-fang;PAN Wan-bin(School of Media and Design,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou Zhejing 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学人文艺术与数字媒体学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《图学学报》2023年第6期1239-1250,共12页Journal of Graphics

基　　金：工业和信息化部项目(TC2008033);浙江省科技计划项目(2018C01030);浙江大学计算机辅助设计与图形系统全国重点实验室开放课题(A2328)。

摘　　要：多零件在打印腔室中的布局往往直接影响熔融沉积批量制造的效率和能力。同时,喷头空行程长度对上述效率和能力具有显著的影响。为此,提出了一种面向空行程最小化的多零件优化布局方法,通过优化地减少零件之间喷头的空行程长度来提升熔融沉积批量制造的效率以及打印腔室可容空间。首先,为兼顾空行程长度计算的效率(如加速几何干涉检测)和计算的准确度,以层厚为基准,构建每个零件相应的、逐层堆叠的体素代理模型。然后,基于贪心策略和粒子群优化算法,以逐对累积的方式确定每个体素代理模型的放置顺序和放置位置。最后,将体素代理模型置换为对应的零件,获得输入零件集紧凑的布局。在一组形状复杂的零件集上开展实验。结果表明:在相同的衡量标准下,该方法相比于Magics空行程总量约减少了31.17%。与现有的商业化软件中的布局功能相比,该方法在实施批量制造形状复杂零件集时具有可显著减少喷头空行程长度总量的巨大潜力。The layout of multi-part in the printing chamber often directly impacts the efficiency and capability of batch manufacturing for fused filament fabrication(FFF).Meanwhile,the total empty travel distance of the printing nozzle exerts a significant impact on the efficiency and capability mentioned above.Therefore,an optimized layout method for multi-part was proposed,taking into account the empty travel distance.The method improved the efficiency of FFF’s batch manufacturing and the printing chamber’s available space by reducing the empty travel distance of the printing nozzle between each part.Firstly,to balance the efficiency(such as the acceleration of geometric interference detection)and the accuracy of empty travel distance calculation,the proposed approach constructed the corresponding voxel-based surrogate model layer by layer for each part.Then,based on a greedy strategy and PSO,this paper proposed a method for determining the order and position of each voxel-based surrogate model’s placement pair by pair.Finally,the voxel-based surrogate models were replaced with their corresponding parts,and the input part set was compactly arranged.Experiments were conducted on a set of complex-shaped parts.The results showed that the proposed method could reduce the total empty distance of the printing nozzle by 31.17%compared to Magics under the same measuring standard.Furthermore,compared with the layout function in existing commercial software,this method exhibited enormous potential for significantly reducing the total empty distance of the printing nozzle for batch manufacturing with FFF,especially for the set of complex-shaped parts.

关 键 词：批量制造 体素代理模型 零件布局优化 熔融沉积 3D打印 

分 类 号：TB23[一般工业技术—工程设计测绘]