暗沟排盐对西辽河平原苏打盐碱荒地改良效果的研究  

Study on the Effect of Salt Drainage from Underground Ditches on Soil Improvement in Soda Saline Wasteland in the West Liaohe Plain

作　　者：胡玲玲 张万锋 王伟 刘红霞 郭富强[4] 张晶 丁奋谦 妥德宝 HU Ling-ling;ZHANG Wan-feng;WANG Wei;LIU Hong-xia;GUO Fu-qiang;ZHANG Jing;DING Fen-qian;TUO De-bao(Inner Mongolia Hengyuan Water Conservancy Engineering Co.,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010028,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resource Protection Center,Hohhot 015199,China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古恒源水利工程有限公司,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古师范大学,呼和浩特010028 [3]内蒙古农牧业生态与资源保护中心,呼和浩特015199 [4]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第2期112-116,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0139);内蒙古自治区高校科研重点项目(NJZZ23028)。

摘　　要：为探究暗沟排盐技术对西辽河平原苏打盐碱荒地改良效果的影响,在科左中旗胜利乡盐碱荒地,通过设置暗沟并应用不同的改良措施,暗沟间距分别设置5 m(L1)、10 m(L2)和15 m(L3),以及无暗沟(CK)处理,在此基础上施入脱硫石膏30 t/hm^(2),腐殖酸4.5 t/hm^(2)(F1)和9 t/hm^(2)(F2),共8个处理,对暗沟排盐工程结合化学改良措施对苏打盐碱荒地土壤的脱盐效果进行研究。研究结果表明,暗沟排盐技术对降低苏打盐碱荒地的土壤盐分有显著效果,0~40 cm深度土壤全盐量平均降低1.74 g/kg,暗沟间距越小,脱盐效果越显著。此外,施入腐殖酸对降低土壤盐碱度也有显著影响,平均降低了5.7%,其中间距5 m,施用量4.5 t/hm^(2)处理的降低幅度最大,达到了8.2%。从试验结果来看,暗沟间距10 m和施用4.5 t/hm^(2)腐殖酸的组合是最佳的改良效果。研究结果可为西辽河平原盐碱荒地的合理开发利用提供了理论依据。In order to explore the influence of underground ditch salt drainage technology on the improvement effect of soda saline alkali wasteland in Xiliao River Plain,underground ditches were set and different improvement measures were applied in the saline alkali wasteland in Shengli Township,Kezuozhong Banne,to investigate the desalination effect of salt drainage engineering combined with chemical improvement technology on soda saline alkali wasteland soil.In this study,the distance between underground ditches was 5 m(L1),10 m(L2)and 15 m(L3)respectively,and there was no underground ditch(CK)treatment.On this basis,30 t/hm^(2) of desulfurization gypsum,4.5 t/hm^(2) or 9 t/hm^(2)(F2)of humic acid(F1)were applied,a total of 8 treatments.The research results indicate that the improvement effect of alkali wasteland is significant,as it can significantly reduce soil salinity.The average total salt content in the soil at a depth of 0~40 cm decreased by 1.74 g/kg.Additionally,the closer the distance between the drainage ditches,the more significant the desalination effect.Furthermore,the application of humic acid also had a significant impact on reducing soil salinity,with an average reduction of 5.7% under the treatment of humic acid.Among the treatments,the combination of a 5 m distance between drainage ditches and an application rate of 4.5 t/hm^(2) of humic acid resulted in the greatest reduction,reaching 8.2%.Based on the experimental results,the combination of a 10 m distance between drainage ditches and an application rate of 4.5 t/hm^(2) of humic acid showed the best improvement effect.The research findings provide theoretical basis and technical support for the rational development and utilization of saline-alkali wasteland in the Western Liaohe Plain.

关 键 词：西辽河平原 苏打盐碱荒地 碱化度 全盐量 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程] S277.5[农业科学—农业工程]