不同种源黄果厚壳桂种子脂肪酸组成及叶片化学成分差异  

Differences in seed fatty acid composition and leaf chemical composition of different provenances of Cryptocarya concinna

作　　者：刘莉 覃静婷 刘世男[2] 覃永华 LIU Li;QIN Jing-ting;LIU Shi-nan;QIN Yong-hua(Nanning Arboretum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530032,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University/Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Forest Inventory and Planning Institute,Nanning 530011,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区南宁树木园,南宁530032 [2]广西大学林学院/广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]广西壮族自治区林业勘测设计院,南宁530011

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第12期2685-2694,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研[2021]18号)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析不同种源黄果厚壳桂种子和叶片挥发油的化学成分及含量,为黄果厚壳桂的综合开发利用提供理论依据。【方法】采用索氏提取法分别从8个种源[金秀(JX)、永福(YF)、龙胜(LS)、上思(SS1和SS2)、桂平(GP)、隆安(LA)和武鸣(WM)]黄果厚壳桂的种子和叶片中提取挥发油,测定种子含油率,利用气相色谱(GC)法测定种子挥发油的脂肪酸组成,通过气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)联用技术测定叶片挥发油的化学成分,比较分析不同种源黄果厚壳桂挥发油的化学成分差异。【结果】8个种源黄果厚壳桂种子的平均含油率为1.70%~4.67%,以YF种源种子的挥发油提取率最高;种子挥发油中均检测出9种类型脂肪酸,且均以不饱和脂肪酸为主,含量达76.45%~81.15%;从8个种源黄果厚壳桂叶片挥发油中共鉴定出89种化学成分,包括醇类20种、酚类2种、醛类1种、酮类11种、烷烃类8种、烯烃类24种、酯类19种和其他类4种;不同种源叶片的挥发油化学成分组成和含量存在差异,其中,SS1、GP和LA种源叶片挥发油中化学成分相对含量最高的是豆甾烷-3,5-二烯,分别达39.31%、32.61%和45.01%;YF、LS和WM种源叶片挥发油中化学成分相对含量最高的是氧化石竹烯,分别为23.98%、18.70%和16.59%;SS2种源叶片挥发油中化学成分相对含量最高的是γ-谷甾醇,为23.45%,JX种源叶片挥发油中化学成分相对含量最高的是16-三十一酮,为30.91%;各种源均具有自身特有的化学成分。【结论】YF种源黄果厚壳桂种子的挥发油提取率最高;8个种源黄果厚壳桂种子挥发油的不饱和脂肪酸含量均高于饱和脂肪酸;不同种源黄果厚壳桂叶片的挥发油中均含有多种共有化学成分和特有成分,但含量存在差异。因此在香料工业、日用化工、制药工业和保健品开发方面可根据不同的油脂特性和化学成分含量选择合适的黄果厚壳桂种源。【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the chemical composition and content of volatile oil in the seeds and leaves of dif⁃ferent provenances of Cryptocarya concinna,and to provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of C.concin⁃na.【Method】The volatile oil was extracted from the seeds and leaves of 8 provenances[Jinxiu(JX),Yongfu(YF),Longsheng(LS),Shangsi(SS1 and SS2),Guiping(GP),Longan(LA)and Wuming(WM)]by Soxhlet extraction method.The oil content of the seeds was deter⁃mined.The fatty acid composition of the volatile oil in the seeds was determined by gas chromatography(GC).The chemical composition of the volatile oil in the leaves was determined by gas chromatography⁃mass spectrometry(GC⁃MS),and comparative analysis of chemical con⁃stituents of volatile oil from different provenances of C.concinna was conducted.【Result】The average oil content of the seeds from 8 provenances was 1.70%-4.67%,and the volatile oil extraction rate of the seeds from YF provenance was the highest.Nine types of fatty acids were detected in the volatile oil of its seeds,all of which were mainly unsaturated fatty acids,with a content of 76.45%-81.15%.A total of 89 chemical components were identified from the volatile oil of the leaves of 8 provenances,including 20 alcohols,2 phenols,1 aldehyde,11 ketones,8 alkanes,24 olefins,19 esters and 4 other types.There were differences in the composition and content of volatile oil compounds in leaves of different provenances.Among them,the relative content of stigmastan⁃3,5⁃diene was the highest in the volatile oil of SS1,GP and LA provenances,reaching 39.31%,32.61%and 45.01%,respectively.The relative content of(⁃)⁃spathulenol was the highest in the vola⁃tile oil of YF,LS and WM provenances,which was 23.98%,18.70%and 16.59%,respectively.The relative content ofγ⁃sitosterol in the volatile oil of SS2 provenance leaves was the highest,which was 23.45%.The relative content of 16⁃hentriacontanone was the highest in the volat

关 键 词：黄果厚壳桂 种子 叶片 脂肪酸 化学成分 气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)联用技术 

分 类 号：S713[农业科学—林学]