不同饲养模式对家蚕蚕沙微生物群落结构的影响  

Effects of different feeding modes on microbial community structure of silkworm excrement

作　　者：邹邦兴 张宇靖 卿圣环 蒋亚明 张友洪[1] 肖文福[1] 周安莲[1] ZOU Bang-xing;ZHANG Yu-jing;QING Sheng-huan;JIANG Ya-ming;ZHANG You-hong;XIAO Wen-fu;ZHOU An-lian(Sericultural Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第12期2822-2828,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家蚕桑产业技术体系(CARS-18);四川省农业科院自主创新专项(2022zzcx084);南充市研发资金项目(21YFZJ0091)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同饲养模式下家蚕蚕沙细菌微生物群落结构,探讨不同饲料对家蚕蚕沙微生物组成的影响,为今后蚕沙的综合利用提供科学参考。【方法】以家蚕品种“9211·9215×川58·川62”为对象,采用全龄饲料育和全龄桑叶育2种饲养模式进行饲养,对其5龄蚕沙进行16S rDNA V3~V4区域扩增,利用Illumina NovaSeq二代测序平台对扩增片段进行高通量测序,最后通过细菌Alpha多样性、OTU聚类、稀疏曲线和物种注释分析,解析不同饲养模式下蚕沙微生物群落结构组成。【结果】与桑叶育对照组相比,饲料育处理组蚕沙细菌微生物物种组成及其多样性指标均较高,且呈显著差异(P<0.05)。在菌群结构方面,对照组主要优势菌门为蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria,55.38%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,32.50%)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria,11.55%),处理组主要优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria,68.18%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,24.1%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,7.28%),其中厚壁菌门和变形菌门均为2组蚕沙的优势菌门。【结论】不同饲育模式下蚕沙微生物群落物种组成及相对丰度存在差异(P<0.05),饲料育组家蚕蚕沙细菌群落结构的物种数目和物种多样性显著高于桑叶育组。【Objective】In order to study the bacterial community structure of silkworm excrement under different feeding modes,the effect of different feeds on its microbial composition was explored,which would provide scientific reference for the comprehensive utilization of silk⁃worm excrement in the future.【Method】The silkworm variety‘9211·9215×Chuan 58·Chuan 62’was used in the study.The 16S rD⁃NA V3⁃V4 region of the excrement produced by the fifth⁃instar silkworm fed with full⁃age forage and full⁃age mulberry leaf was amplified and then sequenced by the 2nd high⁃throughput sequencing platform.The compositions of the micro⁃organism community under different feeding modes were investigated by analyzing alpha diversity,OTU cluster,sparse curve and species annotation.【Result】Compared with the excre⁃ment of control group(the silkworm fed with full⁃age mulberry leaf),the species composition and diversity index of bacteria in the excrement of treatment group(the silkworm fed with full⁃age forage)were higher(P<0.05).In terms of microbial community structure,the main dominant bacteria in the control group were Cyanobacteria(55.38%),Firmicutes(32.50%)and Proteobacteria(11.55%).The main dominant bacteria in the treatment group were Proteobacteria(68.18%),Firmicutes(24.1%)and Actinobacteria(7.28%).Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria in both control and treatment groups.【Conclusion】There were differences in the species com⁃position and relative abundance of the bacterial community in silkworm excrement under different feeding modes(P<0.05).The species number and species diversity of the bacterial community structure in the excrement of the silkworm fed with full⁃age forage were higher than those in the excrement of the silkworm fed with full⁃age mulberry leaf.

关 键 词：蚕沙 细菌 微生物 群落结构 

分 类 号：S883[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]