日本地震烈度预警演练机制综述及对我国的启示  

Review of Earthquake Intensity Early Warning Drill Mechanism in Japan and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：顾林生 杨大千 刘玉珍 GU Linsheng;YANG Daqian;LIU Yuzhen

机构地区：[1]四川省地震预警与应急研究会 [2]日本岩手大学 [3]西南科技大学

出　　处：《中国应急救援》2024年第1期9-18,共10页China Emergency Rescue

基　　金：中国地震局2020年重大政策理论与实践问题研究课题(CEAZY2020JZ06)“中日地震烈度速报与监测预警公共政策比较研究”的部分成果。

摘　　要：2007年10月日本正式启动全国地震烈度预警系统(日本称“紧急地震速报”)。为了让各级政府、企事业单位和民众熟悉紧急地震速报并做好应对准备,日本气象厅从2008年起至今,坚持不懈地在每年6月和11月实施全国地震预警演练。为了做好每年2次的全国性演练,气象厅采取很多措施,为全民演练提供技术服务工作。同时,日本政府利用地震预警系统,分级启动地震应急响应机制。此外,结合美国倡导的全球地震演习“大摇晃”(Great ShakeOut),日本2012年开始利用地震预警系统在全国开展日本“大摇晃”地震演练。通过演练和实战,紧急地震速报在日本地震应急能力建设中发挥了很大的作用。In October 2007,Japan officially launched the national earthquake intensity early warning system(literally translated as“emergency earthquake rapid report”in Japan).In order to familiarize governments at all levels,enterprises,institutions and the public with emergency earthquake reports and prepare them,the Japan Meteorological Agency has been carrying out national earthquake early warning drills in June and November every year since 2008.In order to perform well in the national drill twice a year,the Meteorological Agency has taken many measures to provide technical services for the national drill.At the same time,the Japanese government uses the earthquake early warning system to start the earthquake emergency response mechanism at different levels.In addition,in conjunction with the global earthquake exercise“Great ShakeOut”initiated by the United States,Japan began to use the earthquake early warning system to carry out the“Great ShakeOut”earthquake drill nationwide in 2012.Through drills and actual response,the emergency earthquake rapid report has played a great role in building earthquake emergency response capacity in Japan.

关 键 词：地震预警 紧急地震速报 应急演练 应急能力 地震预警服务 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]