液体火箭主发动机结构动力学关键问题研究综述  

A review on key structural dynamics problems of liquid rocket main engines

作　　者：杜大华 李斌[2] DU Dahua;LI Bin(Science and Technology on Liquid Rocket Engine Laboratory,Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi’an 710100,China;Academy of Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航天动力研究所液体火箭发动机技术重点实验室,陕西西安710100 [2]航天推进技术研究院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第2期1-16,共16页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(613321);装备预研共用技术项目(41410040202)。

摘　　要：液体火箭主发动机作为运载火箭的主动力,由于其结构的复杂性、服役环境的极端严苛性,导致发动机的结构动力学问题异常突出。动力学问题已成为发动机研制过程中的瓶颈技术之一,因此为改善运载火箭、发动机的振动力学环境,提高发动机的动强度可靠性与工作安全性,需要对运载火箭“心脏”——发动机的结构动力学问题予以充分的重视。本文在详细介绍发动机结构特点、工作环境载荷特征及对结构故障统计的基础上,深入分析了涡轮泵系统、推力室、自动器、管路、发动机整机的主要故障模式,梳理出各部组件、整机结构的动力学关键问题,并指出后续研究的方向。As the main power units of launch vehicles,the liquid rocket main engines suffer from extremely serious structural dynamic problems due to the complexity of their structures and the extreme harshness of the service environment.The dynamic problems have become one of the bottlenecks in the process of liquid rocket engine development.Therefore,in order to improve the vibration dynamic environment of launch vehicle and engine,and improve the dynamic strength reliability and work safety of engine,it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to the structural dynamics of engine,which is considered as the‘heart’of launch vehicle.In this paper,based on a detailed introduction to the structural characteristics of engine,the load characteristics of working environment and the structural fault statistics,the main failure modes of the turbo-pump system,thrust chambers,automatons,pipelines and the whole engine were analyzed intensively.Moreover,the key dynamic problems of each component and the whole engine were sorted out,and some suggestions for follow-up research were proposed.

关 键 词：运载火箭 液体火箭发动机 动力学 振动 综述 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]