吴语给予动词“拨”溯源  

Origin of the verb[■](拨)“to give”in Wu dialects

作　　者：汪化云[1,2] WANG Huayun

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学人文学院,杭州 [2]徐州江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2024年第1期78-86,127,128,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“600年来赣语与官话互动的历史追踪、现状调查与数据库建设”(18ZDA297)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：通语中蕴含与事配价的二价调拨义动词“拨”,明代演变为三价给予类动词“拨,”,意味着吴语的给予动词“拔,”当有着类似的来源。吴语可以用“拔,+宾+勒+宾”式表达给予类事件,而受事前置导致“拔”跟与事介词“勒”直接组合,使得二者合音合义,演变为具有方式义的“拔”。长期使用而方.The bivalent verb[■](拨)“to allocate”in ancient Chinese lingua franca evolved into a trivalent verb[■]meaning“to give”during the Ming Dynasty.This suggests that[■](拨2)in Wu dialects should be of a similar origin.In Wu dialects,[■]may appear in the structure“[■]+direct object+[■](勒)+indirect object”to express an event of giving.The preposed direct object led to the merge of[■]and the dative preposition[■],both semantically and phonetically,which further developed into[■]with the feature[+manner].After the bleaching of the feature[+manner],[■]finally became a verb meaning“to give”.Therefore,the origin of[pa?']cannot be ascribed to the verb ba(把)“to hold”.

关 键 词：吴语“拨” 调拨 给予 与事介词“勒” 合音合义 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]