贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SM2对番茄灰霉病的生防效果  

Biological control effects of Bacillus velezensis SM2 against Botrytis cinerea causing tomato gray mold

作　　者：张琦 刘应敏 杨东燕 朱晓琴 裴冬丽 张庆琛 ZHANG Qi;LIU Yingmin;YANG Dongyan;ZHU Xiaoqin;PEI Dongli;ZHANG Qingchen(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,China;Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Development and Appllication of Characteristic Microorganism Resources/College of Biology and Food,Shangqiu Normal University,Shangqiu 476000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]河南省特色微生物资源开发与应用工程研究中心·商丘师范学院生物与食品学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第2期66-73,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102110018,232102110164);河南省高校重点科研项目(23A210029);河南省高校科技创新团队(21IRTSTHN025)。

摘　　要：为探寻高效防治番茄灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)的优良菌株及其防治机制,从番茄根分离获得内生菌SM2,经平板对峙法分析其对B.cinerea的抑菌特性,并通过生理生化特征和16S rDNA测序对其进行鉴定;采用盆栽法和田间试验测定SM2对番茄灰霉病的防效,并测定防病组、致病组和对照组番茄叶片的生理生化指标等。结果表明,菌株SM2可引起B.cinerea菌丝发生畸变,抑菌率达66.67%,被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis);SM2有效降低了番茄灰霉病的发病率和病情指数,盆栽、田间防效分别达到71.73%、65.22%。与对照组相比,防病组和致病组番茄叶片的SOD活性、APX活性、脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量均显著升高,且防病组显著高于致病组。来自番茄的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SM2是一株具有生防应用价值的菌株,通过显微拮抗作用和诱导番茄高表达保护酶活性与渗透调节物含量等途径有效防治番茄灰霉病。The aim was to find an excellent strain for efficient biological control and biocontrol mechanism of tomato gray mold(Botrytis cinerea).Endophytic bacteria SM2 of tomato root was isolated and purified by plat marking.The inhibitory effect of the strain SM2 on mycelial growth of B.cinerea was studied in dual cultures on PDAplates.Furthermore,the strain SM2 was identified according to physiology and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequencing.The biocontrol effect of the strain SM2 against B.cinerea was determined by pot and field experiments,and the physio-biochemical characteristics of tomato leaves in biocontrol group,disease group and control were analyzed.The results showed that strain SM2 was identified as Bacillus velezensis,which could cause mycelium distortion of B.cinerea,with inhibition rate of 66.67%.Pot and field investigation showed that B.velezensis SM2 effectively reduced the incidence and disease index of B.cinerea,and the biocontrol efficiency reached 71.73% and 65.22%,respectively.Compared with the control,SOD activity,APX activity,proline content and soluble protein content of tomato leaves in the biocontrol group and disease group were significantly increased,and the increase rate of biocontrol group was significantly higher than that of disease group.The above results demonstrate that B.velezensis SM2 is a valuable biocontrol strain,which can effectively suppress tomato gray mold through micro-antagonism and induce the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity and osmoregulation substances content of tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 灰霉病 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 拮抗作用 诱导系统抗性 生物防治 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]