免疫印迹法检测过敏性疾病患者血清中IgE抗体的临床应用分析  

Clinical application analysis of immunoblotting method for detection of IgE antibodies in patients with allergic diseases

作　　者：代稳 陈北方 李点 尚伟 DAI Wen;CHEN Bei-fang;LI Dian(Laboratory/Transfusion Medicine,No.988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force,Henan Zhengzhou 450042)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院检验/输血医学科,河南郑州450042

出　　处：《医学检验与临床》2023年第11期8-10,19,共4页Medical Laboratory Science and Clinics

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目,项目编号:LHGJ20210813。

摘　　要：目的:分析郑州地区不同季节过敏原检测人群差异及过敏原分布差异,探讨免疫印迹法检测IgE抗体应用价值,为过敏性疾病的检测和诊治提供有价值的参考依据.方法:免疫印迹法检测郑州地区914例患者血清中19种过敏原特异性IgE抗体,对不同季节的患者性别、年龄及过敏原分布进行统计学分析.结果:914例患者中,男性598例(春193例/夏103例/秋174例/冬128例),女性316例(春103例/夏51例/秋79例/冬83例),不同季节过敏原患者男女数量构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).不同季节患者年龄段构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),青年患者人数居多.免疫印迹法检测结果显示:过敏原阳性共607例,阳性率66.41%;过敏原阳性前5位分别为尘螨组合(11.82%)、艾蒿(11.16%)、鸡蛋白(5.36%)、树组合(4.48%)、牛奶(4.38%).多种过敏原在不同季节分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:郑州地区春、秋季节过敏性疾病人群增多,主要由吸入性过敏原引起.本研究探讨过敏性疾病患者的IgE抗体分布特征,免疫印迹法过敏原血清学检测简便快捷,可为过敏性疾病的诊断、预防和治疗提供可靠临床依据.Objective:To analyze the differences of allergen detection population and allergen distribution in different seasons in Zhengzhou,and to explore the application value of immunoblotting method for IgE antibody detection,so as to provide valuable reference basis for the detection and diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods:The immunoblotting method was used to detect 19 allergen-specific IgE antibodies in the sera of 914 patients in Zhengzhou,and the gender,age and allergen distribution of patients in different seasons were statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 914 patients,598 were male(193 in spring,103 in summer,174 in autumn,128 in winter)and 316 were female(103 in spring,51 in summer,79 in autumn,83 in winter),and there was no statistically significant difference in the composition of the number of male and female allergen patients in different seasons(P>0.05).There was a statistically significant diference in the age composition of patients by season(P<0.05),with a predominance of young patients.The results of immunoblotting showed that there were 607 positive allergens,with a positive rate of 66.41%;The top 5 positive allergens were dust mite combination(11.82%),Artemisia absinthium(11.16%),egg white(5.36%),tree combination(4.48%),and milk(4.38%).The differences in the distribution of multiple allergens across seasons were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The population of allergic diseases in Zhengzhou area increases in spring and autumn,mainly caused by inhaled allergens.This study investigates the characteristics of IgE antibody distribution in patients with allergic diseases.The immunoblotting method of allergen serology is simple and rapid,and can provide a reliable clinical basis for the diagnosis,prevention and treatment ofallergic diseases.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 过敏原 免疫印迹法 IGE抗体 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]