社会网络:农民工人力资本积累的垫脚石还是绊脚石?  

Social Network:A Stepping Stone or A Stumbling Block for the Human Capital Accumulation of Rural-Urban Migrants?

作　　者：刘启超 陈安平[2] LIU Qichao;CHEN Anping(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University;School of Economics,Jinan University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院 [2]暨南大学经济学院

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2024年第1期172-191,共20页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目(17JZD013);暨南大学科研培育与创新基金(人文社科)项目(19JNKY06)的资助。

摘　　要：农民工多借助于以亲缘、地缘等为纽带的社会网络实现就业,借助于社会网络实现就业是否会影响农民工的人力资本积累?本文从社会网络视角,通过构建理论模型和实证分析对其进行研究。本文首先构建一个社会网络影响农民工人力资本投资决策的理论模型,揭示了通过社会网络实现就业对农民工人力资本积累的影响机理。然后采用中国城乡流动人口数据,实证检验了借助社会网络实现就业对农民工进城之后人力资本投资的影响,并利用条件混合过程估计法,对模型中所存在的潜在内生性进行了处理。本文研究发现,借助于社会网络实现就业会显著降低农民工人力资本投资的概率。机制分析表明,社会网络所具有的缩短搜寻时间及提高工作搜寻效率的作用,是借助社会网络实现就业的农民工缺乏进行人力资本投资动力的重要原因。本文的研究表明,应正确认识社会网络对农民工人力资本积累或自身能力发展的影响,制定有效的激励政策以调动农民工进行培训、学历教育等人力资本投资的积极性。Improving the human capital accumulation of rural-urban migrants is the key to promoting a new type of urbanization.It is also an important guarantee for achieving industrial structure upgrading and economic structure adjustment,as well as establishing a modern economic system in the context of the new development pattern.In the process of rapid urbanization,it is of great significance to study the mechanism of human capital investment decision-making of rural-urban migrants.As an important supplement to the formal system,social networks are an important channel for rural-urban migrants to obtain information about the labor market and an important basis for making relevant decisions.Due to the difference in information access ability caused by education differentiation,the unequal access to information caused by institutional obstacles,and the lag of information access mode caused by the lack of information bridge,there is an information disadvantage for rural-urban migrants in the labor market.In addition,affected by the thought inertia of traditional and native culture,a social network based on kinship and geographic ties has become an important channel for rural-urban migrants to transmit information and gain employment.How will social networks affect the human capital accumulation of rural-urban migrants?By building a theoretical model and making an empirical analysis,the aforementioned problems are studied from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.First,a model is developed to deduce and analyze the mechanism of the effect of social networks on the human capital accumulation of rural-urban migrants.Based on the data of Rural-Urban Migration in China,this study uses the probit model to empirically test the impact of social networks on the human capital investment of rural-urban migrants and uses the conditional mixed process to deal with the potential endogeneity in the model.It is found that employment through a social network willsignificantly reduce the probability of human capital investment of rur

关 键 词：社会网络 人力资本投资 农民工 工作搜寻 

分 类 号：F242[经济管理—劳动经济]