基层心理卫生服务人员职业倦怠水平和培训需求分析  

Analysis of work burnout level and training demands of grass-roots mental health service staff.

作　　者：刘小丹 郭佳坤 刘怡然 陈慧红 田峰 LIU Xiaodan;GUO Jiakun;LIU Yiran(College of Humanity and Social Science,Shanxi Medical University,Jinzhong 030600,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院,山西晋中030600 [2]山西医科大学第二医院

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2023年第2期128-132,共5页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：2023年山西省卫生健康委科研课题(编号:2023117);新疆生产建设兵团第六师五家渠市2022年度科技计划项目(编号:2235)。

摘　　要：目的调查我国西部基层心理卫生服务人员的职业倦怠情况及对心理培训的需求,为基层心理卫生从业人员职业健康和专业培训提供基础资料。方法采用马氏职业倦怠量表(MBI)、心理卫生服务培训问卷对367名基层心理卫生从业人员进行问卷调查。结果367名基层心理卫生服务人员具有不同程度的职业倦怠,平均(53.18±10.61)分。不同年龄段基层心理工作者MBI情感衰竭维度评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同学历基层人员MBI去人格化维度评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同工作时长人员MBI情感衰竭、去人格化、低个人成就感维度评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同职业人员MBI情感衰竭维度评分比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同培训形式、培训途径、培训时间、授课方式选择率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同培训形式人员MBI去人格化维度评分比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同培训途径人员MBI去人格化、低个人成就感维度评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同授课方式人员MBI低个人成就感维度评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。人员对理论和技能知识需求均较高,不同职业人员对理论知识和技术知识的需求比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。心理工作者参与培训受多重因素影响,且对各种原因的选择比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论基层心理卫生服务人员由于专业性不足、工作繁重、福利待遇低等问题,导致其职业倦怠水平较高,并显示出对专业心理培训的较高需求。Objective To explore the work burnout and demand for mental training among grass-roots mental health service staff in western China,and provide basic information for the work health and mental training of grass-roots mental health service staff.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 367 grass-roots mental health workers using Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)and Mental Health Service Training Questionnaire.Results The 367 grass-roots mental health service staff had varying degrees of work burnout,and the average score of MBI was(53.18±10.61).There existed differences in the scores of different dimensions of MBI among individuals of different ages,educational backgrounds,work years,and occupations(P<0.05).There were differences in the selections of different training forms,approaches,time,and teaching methods(P<0.001).Staff selecting different training forms showed different depersonalization score of MBI(P<0.05);staff selecting different training approaches showed different scores of depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment of MBI(P<0.05);staff selecting different teaching methods showed different reduced personal accomplishment score of MBI(P<0.001).The staff showed high demands for both theoretical knowledge and skill knowledge.The staff with different occupations showed no differences in the demands for theoretical knowledge and skill knowledge(P>0.05).The staff’s participation in trainings was affected by multiple factors,and there existed difference in the selecting of various reasons among staff(P<0.001).Conclusion Due to insufficient professionalism,heavy workload,and low salary and welfare,grass-roots mental health service staff show a high level of work burnout and demonstrate a high demand for professional psychological training.

关 键 词：心理卫生服务 职业倦怠 培训需求 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]