厨余垃圾三相有机固渣不同利用方式碳排放分析  

Analysis of Carbon Emissions in Different Treatment Process of Three-phase Organic Residues from Food Waste

作　　者：张栋 ZHANG Dong(Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2024年第1期104-110,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：上海市经信委产业转型升级专项(2020013)。

摘　　要：随着碳中和目标的提出,有机固体废物处理工艺在比选时除了生产成本、能耗、环境效益等,碳排放逐渐成为新的关注点。根据联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)提供的核算准则,结合生命周期评价(LCA),对厨余垃圾预处理三相有机固渣采用干化焚烧、厌氧消化和黑水虻生物养殖3种处置路径的碳排放进行了核算。结果表明,考虑直接排放、间接排放和碳补偿后净碳排放量排序为生物养殖<厌氧消化<干化焚烧。黑水虻养殖工艺能耗较高,有最高的直接排放(54.92 kgCO_(2)/t)和间接排放(163.48 kgCO_(2)/t),但同时,处理1 t有机固渣黑水虻养殖可获得约233 kg的有机肥料和67 kg的生物饲料,产生显著的碳补偿效益(274.09 kgCO_(2)/t),可实现总碳减排55.69 kgCO_(2),从碳排放的角度是值得提倡的处理处置方式。With the proposed goal of carbon neutrality,in addition to production costs,energy consumption,and environmental benefits,carbon emissions have become a new focus when the organic solid waste treatment process were compared and selected.Based on accounting guidelines provided by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),and combined with life cycle assessment(LCA),the carbon emissions of the three-phase organic solid residue of food waste pretreatment were calculated by dry incineration,anaerobic digestion and black tabanus biological culture.The results showed that after considering direct emissions,indirect emissions,and carbon offsets,the sequence of the total carbon emission from low to high was black tabanus biological culture,anaerobic digestion and incineration.The black tabanus biological culture was a high energy consumption process with the highest direct emission(54.92 kgCO_(2)/t)and indirect emission(163.48 kgCO_(2)/t).However,it could produce approximately 233 kg of organic fertilizer and 67 kg of biological feed by treating one ton of organic solid residue,resulted in significant carbon offsets benefits(274.09 kgCO_(2)/t)and an overall carbon emission reduction effect of 55.69 kgCO_(2)/t could be achieved.From the perspective of carbon emission,this treatment and disposal method was worth advocating.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 有机固渣 黑水虻养殖 碳排放 生命周期 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]