新疆某肉牛养殖场不同架子牛育肥模式的经济效益分析  

Economic Benefit Analysis of Fattening Mode of Different Store Cattle in a Beef Cattle Farm in Xinjiang

作　　者：马义诚 周振勇[1,2] 袁理星 叶治兵[1,2] 崔繁荣 闫向民 李红波 MA Yi-cheng;ZHOU Zhen-yong;YUAN Li-xing;YE Zhi-bing;CUI Fan-rong;YAN Xiang-min;LI Hong-bo(Livestock Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000;Xinjiang Beef Cattle Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆肉牛工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2023年第5期23-28,共6页China Cattle Science

基　　金：国家现代农业肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37);自治区科技重大专项(2021A02003-1)。

摘　　要：本研究通过对新疆某肉牛养殖场架子牛育肥经济效益的调研分析,旨在为新疆肉牛养殖从业者选择架子牛育肥模式提供理论参考。购入高、低初始重的新疆褐牛与本地土牛杂交架子牛各24头,分为高成本高初始重组(HH组)、低成本高初始重组(LH组)、高成本低初始重组(HL组)、低成本低初始重组(LL组),每组12头牛,育肥周期为7-9个月,每月称重并记录结果,并对数据进行分析。单因素方差分析结果显示,LL组末重极显著低于其它3组(P<0.01),HH组末重显著高于LH组和HL组(P<0.05);育肥期平均日增重LL组显著低于其它3组(P<0.05),HH组、LH组和HL组虽然差异不显著(P>0.05),但是HH组和HL组日增重大于LH组。经济效益分析结果显示,成本利润率HL组>HH组>LL组>LH组。相关性分析结果显示,成本利润率与平均日增重呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与日饲喂成本呈现显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。本研究发现,在架子牛育肥过程中,高饲喂成本投入可以获得更高的经济效益,选择低初始重的架子牛进行短期高营养水平育肥,比选择高初始重的架子牛育肥经济效益更好。The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the economic benefits of fattening store cattle in a beef cattle farm in Xinjiang.This research aims to provide theoretical references for beef cattle breeders in Xinjiang when choosing the fattening mode for store cattle.Twenty-four high starting weight crossbred cattle and twenty-four low starting weight crossbred cattle were purchased.The crossbred cattle were categorized into four groups:high cost and high initial recombination(HH),low cost and high initial recombination(LH),high cost and low initial recombination(HL),and low cost and low initial recombination(LL),with 12 cattle in each group.The feeding cycle for crossbred cattle was set at 7-9 months.The weight of crossbred cattle was measured and recorded,and the data were analyzed.The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated that the final weight of LL was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(P<0.01),while the final weight of HH was significantly higher than that of LH and HL(P<0.05).Although the average daily gain of HH,LH,and HL did not show significant differences(P>0.05),the average daily gain of HH and HL was higher than that of LH.The results of economic benefit analysis revealed that the cost profit rate followed the order HL>HH>LL>LH.Correlation analysis results showed a significant positive correlation between cost profit margin and average daily gain(P<0.01),as well as a significant positive correlation between cost profit margin and daily feeding cost(P<0.05).This study found that higher feeding cost input could lead to higher economic benefits in the fattening process of store cattle.Choosing low initial weight store cattle for short-term high nutrient-level fattening has better economic benefits than selecting high initial weight store cattle for fattening.

关 键 词：肉牛养殖 架子牛育肥 经济效益 

分 类 号：S823.92[农业科学—畜牧学]