《周易·蹇卦·六二》爻辞考  

A Study of the Six Two Line Words of jian蹇Hexgrams in the Book of Changes

作　　者：晁福林[1] Chao Fulin

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2023年第4期52-59,共8页Chinese Culture Research

基　　金：2021年国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“两周金文所见周边族群与诸夏交流融合资料综合研究”(21VJXT001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《周易·蹇卦·六二》爻辞从君臣关系的角度展示了忠臣的气节,然而,不同版本用字的差异,也反映了不同历史时段人们的不同理念。例如,屈原的时代强调直言进谏,所以,《周易》用“謇”代替已有贬义出现的“讦”。战国以降的时期,忠贞之臣往往逆鳞直言获祸,直言进谏成为十分危险之事,所以又用表示行为艰难的“蹇”代替表示言辞艰难的“謇”。汉魏间《周易》诸本用“非躬之故”代替以前的“非今之古”,是当时学者对于此爻辞语意的升华。“王臣蹇蹇”所体现的为王事谏诤奔走,实是为国奋斗、公而忘私精神的体现,这是中华民族优秀传统文化中的亮点之一。The six two line words of jian蹇hexgrams in the Book of Changes demonstrate the integrity of loyal officials from the perspective of the relationship between monarchs and subjects.However,the differences in the use of characters among various versions also reflect the different ideas of people in different historical periods.For example,during Qu Yuan's era,people emphasized outspoken admonishing,so the Book of Changes used the word jian謇to replace jian讦,which already had a pejorative connotation.Since the Warring States period,loyal officials often faced trouble for speaking bluntly,which is a very dangerous thing,so the term jian蹇indicating difficulty in action was used to replace jian謇which indicates difficulty in speech.During the Han and Wei dynasties,the various versions of the Book of Changes used the term“非躬之故”(meaning not for their own sake)to replace the previous term“非今之古”(meaning not for their own sake),which was a sublimation of the meaning of this line statement by scholars at that time.The phrase“王臣蹇蹇”(the ministers of the state is in a difficult situation)reflects that the ministers strove to offer unflinching advice for the affairs of the nation,actually embodying the spirit of striving for the country and selflessness,which is one of the highlights of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：《周易》 《蹇卦》 忠贞 

分 类 号：K2[历史地理—历史学] I2[历史地理—中国史]