基于三维荧光及平行因子分析的南昌市某河可溶性有机物溯源及治理策略  

Dissolved organic matter source identification and treatment strategies of a river in Nanchang based on three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis

作　　者：付嘉琦[1] 桂双林[1] 易其臻 闫冰 夏嵩[1] 詹聪 魏源送[2,3] 郑利兵 胡大洲[2,3] FU Jiaqi;GUI Shuanglin;YI Qizhen;YAN Bing;XIA Song;ZHAN Cong;WEI Yuansong;ZHENG Libing;HU Dazhou(Institute of Energy,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China;Laboratory of Water Pollution Control,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院能源研究所,南昌330096 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心水污染控制实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第11期3487-3496,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：南昌市长江生态环境保护研究(2022-LHYJ-02-0505-01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52060008);江西省科学院省级包干制项目(2022YSBG22019,2023YSBG10004);江西省科学院杰出青年人才培育计划(2022YSBG50006;2023YSBG50010)。

摘　　要：地表河流污染物溯源对污染物防治及河流生态环境改善具有重要意义。三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)的图谱形状、荧光峰位置、荧光峰强度、荧光峰个数信息和荧光参数可作为水体中可溶性有机物(DOM)的荧光特征。结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)对南昌市某河的3D-EEMs进行分析并进行DOM溯源研究,结果表明,该河DOM主要包含3个荧光组分,分别为类腐殖质荧光组分C1(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=245 nm/430 nm)、类氨基酸和类腐殖质组分的混合物C2(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=240,300 nm/365 nm)和类色氨酸荧光组分C3(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=225,275 nm/335 nm),分别占总荧光组分的35.93%,26.62%和37.45%。该河基本满足地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)III类水标准,浮游植物主要为蓝绿藻,河流中磷的来源复杂。污染物溯源结果表明,该河DOM腐殖化程度较低,生物活性较强,主要来源于浮游植物和微生物代谢降解和沉积物在冲击和水力作用下产生的内源污染。建议该河采用生态修复技术并辅助水体曝气系统治理DOM污染,并持续防止河流引入外源污染。Pollution source identification of surface river is of great significance for pollution control and improving river ecological environment.The shape,fluorescence peak position,peak intensity,peak number of the there-dimensional excitation emission matrix(3D-EEM)and fluorescence indices are the fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM).3D-EEMs of a river in Nanchang were analyzed coupled with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC)and DOM source identification was conducted.Results showed that the DOM mainly contained three fluorescent components.The components were humic-like component C1(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=245 nm/430 nm),mixture of amino acid-like and humic-like components C2(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=240,300 nm/365 nm)and tryptophan-like component C3(λ_(Ex)/λ_(Em)=225,275 nm/335 nm).The contribution rates of the three components to the total fluorescence intensity were 35.93%,26.62%and 37.45%,respectively.The quality of the river basically reached the class III level of the surface water environmental quality standard(GB 3838-2002).The phytoplankton were mainly blue-green algae,and the sources of phosphorus were complex.The results of pollution source identification showed that DOM in the river had low humification degree and strong biological activity.DOM in this river mainly came from endogenous pollution generated by the metabolic degradation of phytoplankton and microorganisms and sediments under shock and hydraulic action.Results suggested that ecological restoration technology and auxiliary aeration system could be adopted for pollution control of the river,and the exogenous pollution should be prevented continually.

关 键 词：可溶性有机物 污染溯源 三维荧光光谱 平行因子分析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]