预分选汽车破碎残余物热解特性及其动力学分析  

Pyrolysis characteristics and dynamic analysis of pre-separated automobile shredder residues

作　　者：谭金鹏 李伟锋[1] 陈雪莉[1] TAN Jinpeng;LI Weifeng;CHEN Xueli(Engineering Research Center of Resource Utilization of Carbon-containing Waste with Carbon Neutrality,Ministry of Education,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学含碳废弃物资源化零碳利用教育部工程研究中心,上海200237

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第11期3647-3659,共13页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(22278133);国家自然科学基金联合基金重点资助项目(U21B2088)。

摘　　要：我国每年产生的汽车破碎残余物(automobile shredder residue,ASR)数量巨大,亟需无害化处理和资源化利用。固废热解过程因产生的二次污染物少,且产品利用价值高,逐渐成为研究的热点。针对某报废汽车生产线产生的5种典型预分选ASR物料,在固定床反应器中考察了温度(500~900℃)和物料种类对ASR热解三相产物组成、热解焦微观结构及重金属分布规律的影响,通过热重(TG)分析ASR从常温到900℃热失重过程,并采用分布式活化能(DAEM)法计算其热解动力学。结果表明,ASR热解主要发生于200~500℃范围内,热解反应活化能为17.39~195.21 kJ·mol^(-1)。提高热解温度,ASR样品可产生更多热解气,且H_(2)、CO和CH_(4)等成分占比增加,焦油产生量减少,同时促进焦油二次裂解以及组分向苯环化转化。红外和拉曼光谱分析表明,热解温度升高,热解焦中主要发生-OH、-CH_(3)、-C=C-以及-COOH等分子基团的脱除,不同ASR热解焦ID1/IG值在3.77~6.57内,石墨化程度增大,热解焦中重金属分布受温度和物料种类影响显著。本研究结果可为开发ASR热解技术提供参考。A huge amount of Automobile Shredder Residue(ASR) is produced in China every year,and a reasonable disposal method is urgently needed.Solid waste pyrolysis has gradually become a hot topic of research due to its ability to reduce and recycle ASR and its high fuel utilization value.In this study,the effects of temperature(500~900 °C) and material on the composition of ASR pyrolysis three-phase products,microstructure of pyrolytic char and distribution pattern of heavy metals were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor for five typical pre-sorted ASR materials generated from an end-of-life automobile production line,and the thermal weight loss of ASR from room temperature to 900 °C was analyzed by thermogravimetry(TG),and the distributed activation energy method(DAEM) to calculate its pyrolysis kinetics.The results showed that the ASR pyrolysis mainly occurred in the range of 200~500 °C,and the activation energy of pyrolysis reaction was17.39~195.21 kJ·mol^(-1).Increasing the pyrolysis temperature,the ASR samples could produce more pyrolysis gas,and the percentage of components such as H_2,CO and CH_(4) increased,and the amount of tar production decreased,while promoting the secondary cracking of tar and the conversion of components to benzene cyclization.FTIR and Raman spectroscopy analysis showed that the removal of molecular groups such as-OH,-CH_(3),-C=C-and-COOH mainly occurred in pyrolytic char with increasing pyrolysis temperature,and the ID1/IG values of different ASR pyrolytic char were within 3.77~6.57 with increasing graphitization,and the distribution of heavy metals in pyrolytic char was significantly affected by temperature and type of material.The results of this study can provide reference for the development of ASR pyrolysis technology.

关 键 词：汽车破碎残余物 预分选 热解特性 热分析动力学 重金属 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]