国外国家公园社会捐赠资金管理经验及启示  

Management of Donated Funds to National Parks:International Experience and Its Inspiration

作　　者：宿海颖[1] 黄金丽 王爱华 Su Haiying;Huang Jinli;Wang Aihua(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091 [2]生态环境部对外合作与交流中心,北京100036

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2023年第6期85-89,共5页World Forestry Research

基　　金：全球环境基金中国国家公园体制机制创新项目(GEF C-PAR1)。

摘　　要：文中从国家公园社会捐赠资金管理模式入手,通过搜集整理美国、澳大利亚、南非3国与国家公园相关的法律文件、政策、报告等,梳理国家公园社会捐赠资金筹措和管理的国际经验。国际实践表明,国家公园的社会捐赠资金募集需要由专门的机构或组织来开展,以提高资金的募集与使用效率,并对政府设立的国家公园管理机构起到补充和支持作用。在此基础上,从设立国家公园基金会、建立多元化合作关系、实行项目化管理以及完善内部治理和外部信息披露制度等角度提出了建立和完善国家公园社会捐赠机制的建议。With the focus on the management models of the funds donated to national parks,the paper collects the legal documents,policies and reports in relation to national parks in the U.S.,Australia and South Africa and reviews their experience in how to raise and manage the social funds donated to national parks.The practice in these countries shows that specific institutions or organizational entities are needed to set up for the fundraising for national parks from the private sector and individuals so as to improve the efficiency of fund raising and utilization as well as to supplement and support the national park management by public institutions.Based on the analysis,the paper proposes suggestions for improving the fundraising mechanism for national parks from the perspectives of establishing the national park foundation,shaping the diversity of cooperative relationships,implementing project-based management,and improving internal governance and external information disclosure system.

关 键 词：国家公园 社会捐赠 资金募集 管理模式 美国 澳大利亚 南非 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理] G112[社会学] S759.91[文化科学]