涠洲岛海域美丽鹿角珊瑚和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的性腺发育研究  

Gonadal development of Acropora formosa and Favites abdita in Weizhou Island

作　　者：韦芬 崔梦瑶 余克服 黄雯 张媛媛 曾心茹 魏鹏辉 潘晓媛 Wei Fen;Cui Mengyao;Yu Kefu;Huang Wen;Zhang Yuanyuan;Zeng Xinru;Wei Penghui;Pan Xiaoyuan(School of Marine Sciences,Guangxi University/Coral Reef Research Center of China,Guangxi University/Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Nanning 530004,China;School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学海洋学院/广西大学珊瑚礁研究中心/广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530004 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458

出　　处：《海洋学报》2023年第12期92-100,共9页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42090041,42030502);广西自然科学基金项目(AA17204074,AD17129063,2023GXNSFAA02651);广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室自主基金资助(GXLSCRSCS2023103)。

摘　　要：性腺发育是造礁珊瑚有性繁殖的重要过程,珊瑚会在性腺发育成熟后待环境适宜时进行大规模排卵。了解造礁珊瑚的性腺发育过程对预测其排卵时间具有重要的意义,但目前尚未有关于涠洲岛海域造礁珊瑚性腺发育的报道,且该海域造礁珊瑚的排卵时间也不明确。因此,本文于2021年9月至2022年5月,以涠洲岛海域的美丽鹿角珊瑚(Acropora formosa)和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚(Favites abdita)为研究对象,观察其在自然海域的性腺发育过程及排卵时间。结果显示,在自然海域美丽鹿角珊瑚的卵母细胞从9月开始发育,约经9个月发育成熟,精巢从11月开始发育,经2-3个月成熟;秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的卵母细胞在10–11月间开始发育,经7-8个月发育成熟,精巢发育周期为1-2个月;2种珊瑚的配子均在2022年5月份同步成熟,并于2022年5月19–22日(农历四月十九至二十二日)间观察到了室内2种珊瑚的排卵行为,与其在自然海域的排卵时间基本一致。基于上述证据,本文推测涠洲岛海域美丽鹿角珊瑚和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚主要的排卵时间在农历四月十五日前后。本研究为涠洲岛造礁珊瑚的繁殖生物学提供了宝贵的信息,为进一步利用其有性繁殖进行珊瑚礁的生态修复等提供了理论依据。Gonadal development is a crucial process for sexual reproduction in scleractinian corals,after the gonad matured,corals will spawn in suitable environments,understanding this process is essential for predicting their spawn time.However,there is no report on the gonadal development cycle and the spawning time of corals in Weizhou Island is currently unknown.From September 2021 to May 2022,our study focused on Acropora formosa and Favites abdita in Weizhou Island to observe their gonadal development process and spawning time.In the wild,the oocytes of A.formosa began to develop in September and matured after nine months,while the testes were observed in November and matured after two to three months.In F.abdita,the onset of oocytes was between in October and November,mature oocytes were observed after seven to eight months,with the development period of the testes was about one to two months.Both corals’gametes matured in May.In tanks,both corals were observed to spawn between May 19 to 22,2022(April 19 to 22,Chinese lunar calendar),which was consistent with their spawning observed in wild.Based on the results,we postulate that the spawning time of A.formosa and F.abdita in Weizhou Island is around April 15th,Chinese lunar calendar.This study provides valuable information on the reproductive biology of Weizhou Island corals.

关 键 词：造礁珊瑚 排卵时间 性腺 组织学 有性繁殖 涠洲岛 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]