功能材料介入对机车发动机曲轴磨损的影响及其机理研究  

Influence and Mechanism of Intervention of Functional Materials on the Wear of Locomotive Engine Crankshaft

作　　者：程敢峰 白志民[2] 杨其明 曹琦 CHENG Ganfeng;BAI Zhimin;YANG Qiming;CAO Qi(CRRC Qishuyan Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou Jiangsu 213011,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Institute of Science and Technology,China Railway Beijing Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China;Beijing Moan Tianjie Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中车戚墅堰机车有限公司,江苏常州213011 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]中国铁路北京局集团有限公司北京科学技术研究所,北京100089 [4]北京摩安天捷科技有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2024年第1期14-19,共6页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

摘　　要：磨损是影响机车发动机运行状况、使用效率、服役寿命、能源利用效率以及排放物水平的重要因素。研发了一种可以降低摩擦副磨损、具有在线修复功能、以天然硅酸盐矿物叶蛇纹石为主要组分的功能材料MAT(Metal surface Adaptive strengthening Technology)。利用MAT开展了铁路机车发动机实车考核试验,在4台铁路内燃机车34个曲轴上开展了实车应用,发现MAT可以降低内燃机车曲轴摩擦对偶的磨损,实现了摩擦副的在线修复。研究认为:叶蛇纹石的层间滑动以及载荷支撑作用是降低摩擦阻力和磨损的主要因素;叶蛇纹石表面丰富的不饱和键和可交换阳离子、高温相变以及对磨损细颗粒的吸附是其对摩擦副在线修复形成减摩修复层的物质基础;功能组分的持续介入、摩擦热能-动能的协同作用以及磨损-修复的动态平衡是实现摩擦副工作状态不断优化的根本。The wear is an important factor affecting the operating condition,service efficiency,service life,energy utilization efficiency and emission level of locomotive engine.A functional material(Metal surface Adaptive strengthening Technology,MTA)with natural silicate mineral antigorite as the main component was developed,which can reduce the wear of friction pairs and has online repair function.The test of locomotive engine was carried out by using the developed materials MAT.It is found that MAT can significantly reduce the wear of crankshaft friction pairs of diesel locomotive and realize the online repair of friction pairs.The research concluded that the interlayer sliding and load support of antigorite are the main factors to reduce friction resistance and wear.The abundant unsaturated bonds,and exchangeable cations on antigorite surface,high-temperature phase transition and adsorption of worn fine particles,which are the material basis for the online repair of friction pairs to form anti-friction repair layer.The continuous intervention of functional components,the synergistic effect of friction thermal energy and kinetic energy,and the dynamic balance of wear and repair are fundamental to realize the continuous optimization of the working state of friction pairs.

关 键 词：内燃机 曲轴 磨损 修复 天然硅酸盐矿物 

分 类 号：U262.1[机械工程—车辆工程]