六盘水地区魔芋软腐病病原菌鉴定及侵染特性研究  

Identification and Infected Characteristics of Pathogens Causing Soft Rot on Konjac(Amorphophallus konjac)in Liupanshui

作　　者：冯道 黄显进 刘羽 吴林秀 严凯 李树江 方玉梅 郭丽娜 陈志霞 张晓勇 FENG Dao;HUANG Xianjin;LIU Yu;WU Linxiu;YAN Kai;LI Shujiang;FANG Yumei;GUO Li’na;CHEN Zhixia;ZHANG Xiaoyong(School of Biological Sciences and Technology,Liupanshui Normal University,Liupanshui 553004,Guizhou,China;Science and Technology Bureau of Liupanshui,Liupanshui 553001,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]六盘水师范学院生物科学与技术学院,贵州六盘水553004 [2]六盘水市科学技术局,贵州六盘水553001

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第2期68-77,共10页China Vegetables

基　　金：贵州省教育厅2022年度高等学校科学研究项目(黔教技[2022]337号);六盘水师范学院2022年科学研究重点项目(LPSSYZDZK202202);贵州省2022年大学生创新训练项目(S202210977058);六盘水市科技发展项目(52020-2023-0-2-34);六盘水师范学院2023年科学研究项目(Lpssyzxxm^(2)02309)。

摘　　要：软腐病是魔芋栽培中危害最为严重的病害之一。为了明确引起六盘水地区魔芋软腐病的病原菌种类及其侵染特性,从7个魔芋产区采集病害材料,对分离到的16株病株病原菌进行形态学观察、16S rDNA分子生物学、生理生化、生物学特性和侵染特性分析。结果表明,16株病株的病原菌为海芋果胶杆菌(Pectobacteriumaroidearum)和方中达迪克氏菌(Dickeya fangzhongdai),其中P.aroidearum分离率高达81.25%,是六盘水地区魔芋软腐病主要病原菌;2种病原菌对魔芋叶柄和叶片的侵染速度快于球茎,同时还能引起番茄、甘薯、胡萝卜、西葫芦、马铃薯和萝卜等植物组织腐烂;D.fangzhongdai在28~35℃范围内能快速增殖和侵染魔芋,最适生长和侵染温度为30℃,P.aroidearum在20~30℃时增殖和侵染最快,最适生长和侵染温度为28℃。Soft rot is one of the most serious diseases in konjac cultivation.To clarify the species and infection characteristics of pathogens causing konjac soft rot in Liupanshui area,16 pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated on disease materials from seven production areas.Based on morphological,16S rDNA sequence and biochemical analysis,the strains were identified as Pectinobacterium aroidearum and Dickeya fangzhongdai.Notably,P.aroidearum was the primary pathogenic species with a isolation rate of 81.25%.Pathogenicity identification showed that the two pathogens infect the konjac petioles and leaves faster than the corm,and both pathogens cause soft rot in tomato,sweet potato,carrot,pumpkin,potato and radish.The cultivation and infection conditions indicated that D.fangzhongdai and P.aroidearum were rapidly proliferated and infected konjac within the range of 28-35℃and 20-30℃,and optimal growth and infection temperature were 30℃and 28℃,respectively.

关 键 词：六盘水 魔芋软腐病 病原菌鉴定 侵染特性 

分 类 号：S436.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]