阿司匹林的制备实验改进暨绿色合成方法探索  

Improvement of aspirin preparation experiment and exploration of green synthetic method

作　　者：耿伊迪 董莹莹 张荣荣 高克甫 姜晓蕾 胡芳东 GENG Yidi;DONG Yingying;ZHANG Rongrong;GAO Kefu;JIANG Xiaolei;HU Fangdong(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学化学化工学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《实验室科学》2024年第1期40-44,共5页Laboratory Science

基　　金：山东省高等学校课程思政研究中心资助项目(项目编号:SZ2023008);临沂大学教改项目(项目编号:JG2021M09,T2021SZ004)。

摘　　要：阿司匹林的制备是有机化学实验教学的经典内容之一。在大部分有机化学实验教材中,使用浓硫酸作为催化剂,而浓硫酸具有强氧化性和腐蚀性,不利于学生操作;同时反应原料乙酸酐作为溶剂使用,实验结束后通过水解法除去过量的乙酸酐,造成试剂浪费和环境污染。基于绿色环保理念,该实验选择无毒、绿色环保、可重复使用的Amberlyst 15离子交换树脂作为催化剂,可以减少乙酸酐的用量,经条件优化在室温下以85%产率合成了阿司匹林,实现了阿司匹林制备实验的改进,探索了阿司匹林的绿色合成方法。该实验不仅可以提升学生的综合实验能力和环保意识,还能激发学生的创新思维和对科学研究的兴趣。The preparation of aspirin is one of the classic contents of organic chemistry experiment teaching.In most organic chemistry experiment textbooks,concentrated sulfuric acid serves as the catalyst.However,concentrated sulfuric acid is highly oxidizing and corrosive,which is not conducive to the operation of students.Meanwhile,the reaction raw material acetic anhydride is used as a solvent,and the excess acetic anhydride is removed by hydrolysis after the experiment,resulting in waste of reagents and environmental pollution.Based on the concept of green chemistry,the non-toxic,green and reusable Amberlyst 15 ion exchange resin was selected as the catalyst for this experiment,which could reduce the amount of acetic anhydride.After optimizing the conditions,aspirin was synthesized in 85%yield at room temperature.As a consequence,the experiment realized the improvement of aspirin preparation experiment and explored the green synthetic method of aspirin at the same time.This experiment can not only enhance students comprehensive experimental ability and environmental awareness,but also stimulate their innovative thinking and interest in scientific research.

关 键 词：阿司匹林 Amberlyst 15离子交换树脂 实验改进 绿色合成方法 

分 类 号：O62[理学—有机化学] G64[理学—化学]