基于环编工艺仿真和多尺度分析的SiC_(f)/SiC核能包壳管力学性能研究  

Study on Mechanical Properties of SiCf/SiC Nuclear Cladding Tube Based on Braiding Process Simulation and Multi-scale FE Analysis

作　　者：闫忠伟 范欣愉 YAN Zhongwei;FAN Xinyu(Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Ltd.,Shenyang 110850,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业沈飞(集团)有限公司,辽宁沈阳110850

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2024年第1期191-198,共8页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：2022年辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技计划重大项目(2022 JH1/10400043)。

摘　　要：基于环编工艺制备碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷复合材料(SiC_(f)/SiC)包壳管纤维预制体,并通过PIP方法浸渍烧结制备核能包壳管是当前高容错包壳管的研究热点之一。在乏燃料反应堆中,为了提升热交换效率,包壳管壁厚一般不应超过0.75mm,同时还需要承受复杂外界工况与内部兆帕级气压,这为4m长包壳管的结构设计带来巨大挑战。如何面向SiC_(f)/SiC复杂成型过程,系统性建立一种反映复合材料多层级结构的有限元模型,成为包壳管安全设计的首要前提。该研究基于有限元接触算法,建立了包含环编工艺参数的碳化硅纤维环编预制体有限元模型。通过细观—宏观多尺度方法探究了纤维体积含量、纤维和基体力学性能等参数对核能包壳管力学性能的影响,打通了从制备工艺到强度校核的一体化设计链条。通过将多尺度模型与传统的层合板理论方法构建的核能包壳管模型对比,验证了后者扭转强度预报值比前者高估了69%,存在极高的设计风险。研究通过初步探索联合工艺仿真与多尺度仿真设计优化复杂碳化硅复合材料结构,并预报诸如强度和模量等力学性能,以降低昂贵的制备成本和实验成本,为未来开展复杂碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅复合材料结构的强度设计提供了较为可靠的工具。The production of silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic composite(SiCf/SiC) cladding tube fiber preforms based on braiding process and PIP method is one of the focuses in research at present.In the spent fuel reactor,in order to improve the efficiency of the heat exchange,the wall thickness of the clad should be less than 0.75 mm while withstanding a complex load condition,which leads to a great challenge to the structure design of the four-meter-long cladding tube.Therefore,a finite element model dealing with the complex structure of composite materials for braiding process as well as multi-scale safety analysis is necessary.Based on the contact algorithm,the finite element model for braided process including certain processing parameters was established.Moreover,the influence of parameters,i.e.fiber volume fraction and mechanical properties of the constituents was investigated by meso-and macro-model.Compared with the tube model constructed by the traditional laminated theory method,it revealed that the latter has overestimated the torsional strength by 69%,which raised a extremely high risk in application for the clading tubes.This article aims to preliminarily explore the optimization of complex silicon carbide composite material structures through joint process simulation and multi-scale simulation design,and predict mechanical properties such as strength and modulus to reduce expensive preparation and experimental costs.It provides a reliable tool for future strength design of complex silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material structures.

关 键 词：包壳管 碳化硅复合材料 有限元 工艺成型仿真 多尺度方法 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]