铝合金电弧增材与激光冲击强化复合制造组织与性能  

Microstructure and properties of aluminum alloy by wire and arc additive and laser shock peening hybrid manufacturing

作　　者：王震林 戴为 齐雨航 张宏强 郭伟[2] Wang Zhenlin;Dai Wei;Qi Yuhang;Zhang Hongqiang;Guo Wei(Instrumentation Technology and Economy Institute,Beijing 100055,China;Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]机械工业仪器仪表综合技术经济研究所,北京100055 [2]北京航空航天大学,北京100191

出　　处：《焊接》2024年第2期18-25,共8页Welding & Joining

摘　　要：对电弧增材铝合金试样进行激光冲击强化,观察激光冲击强化对电弧增材铝合金材料的现象,分析了激光冲击强化对电弧增材铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。激光冲击强化后,未影响区域的微观结构与电弧增材试样的结构相似,由细长的柱状晶区和位于柱状晶区之间的细小等轴晶区组成;受影响区中杂乱分布着的中等大小的等轴晶及较长的柱状晶。激光冲击改变了材料微观结构,出现了中等大小的等轴晶,减少了气孔。激光冲击强化后,增材铝合金表面均产生了残余压应力场,在合理的工艺参数下,可以获得最大残余压应力约为−124 MPa。在不同试验参数下,冲击能量、冲击次数和搭接率的提高都能增加铝合金的显微硬度和影响深度,证明激光冲击强化技术显著提高了电弧增材铝合金试样表面性能,在改善力学性能方面有重要作用。Laser shock peening(LSP)was carried out on wire and arc additive aluminum alloy samples,phenomenon of laser shock peening on arc additive aluminum alloy was observed,and effect of laser shock peening on microstructure and mechanical properties of arc additive aluminum alloy was analyzed.After laser shock peening,microstructure of unaffected zone was similar to that of arc additive samples,which was composed of slender columnar grain zone and fine equiaxed grain zone between columnar grain zones.Medium sized equiaxed grains and long columnar grains were scattered in affected zone.Laser shock changed microstructure of material,medium-sized equiaxed crystals appeared,and pores were reduced.After LSP,residual compressive stress field was generated on the surface of additive aluminum alloy,and the maximum residual compressive stress could be obtained under reasonable process parameters.Under different experimental parameters,increase of impact energy,impact times and lap ratio could increase microhardness and influence depth of aluminum alloy.It was proved that LSP significantly improved surface properties of arc additive aluminum alloy samples,and played an important role in improving mechanical properties.

关 键 词：电弧增材 激光冲击 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG406[金属学及工艺—焊接]