不同剩余采食量渝州白鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的比较研究  

Comparative Analysis of Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance andMeat Quality of Yuzhou White Geese with Different Residual Feed Intake

作　　者：李琴[1,2] 王郁石 赵献芝 陈主平[1,2] 王丽辉 张克山[1,2] 谢友慧 李静[1,2] 王启贵 LI Qin;WANG Yushi;ZHAO Xianzhi;CHEN Zhuping;WANG Lihui;ZHANG Keshan;XIE Youhui;LI Jing;WANG Qigui(Chongqing Academy of Animal Science,Chongqing 402460,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement,Chongqing 402460,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院,重庆402460 [2]重庆市肉鹅遗传改良工程技术研究中心,重庆402460

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第1期323-331,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(cstc2021jxjlX0011);重庆市技术创新与应用发展项目(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0248);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助。

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较不同剩余采食量(RFI)渝州白鹅在生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质方面的差异以及RFI与上述性状之间的关系。选用236只渝州白鹅Ⅲ系公鹅进行单笼个体饲养,试验鹅3周龄末上笼至10周龄末结束,试验期50 d。分别测定试验鹅3、4、6、8、10周龄末的加料量、剩料量和体重,获得各阶段的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、饲料转化比(FCR)和RFI。试验鹅在10周龄末屠宰后进行屠宰性能和肉品质测定。依据3~10周龄RFI数据,筛选出38只RFI最低、38只RFI最高和115只RFI居中的试验鹅分别作为低RFI组(L-RFI组)、高RFI组(H-RFI)和中RFI组(M-RFI组,作为对照),对3组试验鹅的生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质性状进行分析。结果显示:不同RFI对试验鹅3~4周龄、4~6周龄、3~10周龄FCR以及各阶段ADFI有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),且均以L-RFI组最低。不同RFI组各阶段体重和ADG无显著差异(P>0.05)。RFI与FCR、ADFI普遍存在显著正相关(P<0.05),与体重、ADG基本无相关性(P>0.05)。L-RFI组皮脂率、腹脂率极显著低于M-RFI组和H-RFI组(P<0.01),皮脂厚极显著低于H-RFI组(P<0.01),全净膛率、翅膀率、脚率显著或极显著高于H-RFI组(P<0.05或P<0.01),腿比率、腿肌率极显著高于M-RFI组和H-RFI组(P<0.01)。RFI与上述脂肪沉积性状呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与上述主要屠宰性能性状呈不同程度的负相关。不同RFI组肌肉pH、蒸煮损失和剪切力差异不显著(P>0.05),RFI与肉品质性状间基本不相关(P>0.05)。上述结果表明,RFI对渝州白鹅体重、增重和肉品质无显著影响;与M-RFI组和H-RFI组相比,L-RFI组渝州白鹅的饲料效率更高、屠宰性能更优、脂肪沉积更少。这提示,对RFI性状的负向选择有望提高肉鹅的饲料效率和屠宰性能且不会影响体重和增重,不会引起肉品质性状的改变。The purpose in this experiment was to study on the of differences of growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of Yuzhou white geese with different residual feed intake(RFI)and the relationships between RFI and above traits.A total of 236Ⅲline Yuzhou white male geese were raised in single cage from the end of 3 weeks of age to the end of 10 weeks of age for 50 d.The feeding amount,feeding residual amount and body weight of geese were measured at the end of 3,4,6,8 and 10 weeks of age,and the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed conversion ratio(FCR)and RFI were obtained for every experimental stage.The slaughter performance and meat quality were determined after slaughter at the end of 10 week of age.Based on RFI data of geese from 3 to 10 weeks of age,38 with lowest RFI were selected as the low RFI group(L-RFI group),38 with highest RFI were selected as the high RFI group(H-RFI group),and 115 with medium RFI were selected as the medium RFI group(M-RFI group,as control).The growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality traits of Yuzhou white geese in the three RFI groups were compared and analyzed.The results showed as follows:different RFI had significant or extremely significant effects on the FCR at 3 to 4,4 to 6 and 3 to 10 weeks of age and ADFI at each stage(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and they were lowest in the L-RFI group.There were no significant effects on body weight and ADG at each stage in different RFI groups(P>0.05).RFI was generally significantly positively correlated with FCR and ADFI(P<0.05),but was essentially unrelated with body weight and ADG(P>0.05).The percentage of skin fat and the percentage of abdominal fat in the L-RFI group were extremely significantly lower than those in the M-RFI and H-RFI groups(P<0.01),and the thick of skin fat in the L-RFI group was extremely significantly lower than that in the H-RFI group(P<0.01),the percentage of eviscerated yield,the percentage of wing and the percentage of foot in the L-RFI group were significantly

关 键 词：剩余采食量 渝州白鹅 生长性能 饲料效率 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]