五倍子单宁酸对大口黑鲈生长性能和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of Gallnut Tannin Acid on Growth Performance andIntestinal Health of Largemouth Bass

作　　者：孔秋宏 袁菁菁 周贤君[1] 王秀龙 李海波 龙希洋 KONG Qiuhong;YUAN Jingjing;ZHOU Xianjun;WANG Xiulong;LI Haibo;LONG Xiyang(College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guiyang Fisheries Station,Guiyang 550081,China;Guiyang Rural Revitalization Center,Guiyang 550007,China;Guiyang Agricultural Experimental Center,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵阳市水产站,贵阳550081 [3]贵阳市乡村振兴中心,贵阳550007 [4]贵阳市农业试验中心,贵阳550081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第1期451-463,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：贵州省科协资助项目——鲈鱼山地养殖技术模式的研究与应用(Z2023322)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究五倍子单宁酸对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长性能和肠道健康的影响。选取450尾体重为(10.23±0.05)g的大口黑鲈,随机分成5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。各组分别饲喂在基础饲料的基础上添加0(F0组,作为对照组)、0.05%(F1组)、0.10%(F2组)、0.15%(F3组)、0.20%(F4组)五倍子单宁酸的试验饲料,进行为期90 d的养殖试验。结果表明:1)与F0组相比,F2和F3组的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)显著升高(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)显著降低(P<0.05)。各组之间肝体比(HSI)、摄食率(FR)和存活率(SR)无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)各组之间全鱼粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和水分含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)各组之间血清酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)各组之间肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)与F0组相比,其他各组肠道绒毛增多,排列紧密;在前肠组织中,F1组和F2组的隐窝深度显著低于F0组(P<0.05)。6)与F0组相比,其他各组肠道变形菌门相对丰度均有所下降,肠道菌群稳态指数均有所升高,且F3组肠道菌群稳态指数显著高于F0组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加五倍子单宁酸可以提高大口黑鲈的生长性能,改善肠道组织结构,优化肠道菌群,保护肠道健康;以特定生长率为评价指标,大口黑鲈饲料中五倍子单宁酸的适宜添加量为0.10%~0.15%。This study aimed to investigate the effects of gallnut tannin acid on growth performance and intestinal health of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).A total of 450 largemouth bass with body weight of(10.23±0.05)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.Fish in 5 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0(F0 group,as control group),0.05%(F1 group),0.10%(F2 group),0.15%(F3 group)and 0.20%(F4 group)gallnut tannin acid,respectively,and the breeding experiment lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with F0 group,the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of F2 and F3 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient(FCR)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in hepatopancreas somatic index(HSI),feeding rate(FR)and survival rate(SR)among all groups(P>0.05).2)There were no significant differences in contents of crude fat,crude protein,crude ash and moisture in whole fish among all groups(P>0.05);3)There were no significant differences in serum acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content among all groups(P>0.05).4)There were no significant differences in activities of amylase,lipase and trypsin in intestine among all groups(P>0.05).5)Compared with F0 group,the intestinal villi of the other groups were increased and closely arranged;in the foregut tissue,the crypt depth of F1 and F2 groups was significantly lower than that of F0 group(P<0.05).6)Compared with F0 group,the intestinal Proteobacteria relative abundance of the other groups was decreased,the intestinal flora homeostatic index was increased,and the intestinal flora homeostatic index of F3 group was significantly higher than that of F0 group(P<0.05).In summary,dietary gallnut tannin acid can improve the growth performance,improve intestinal tissue structure,optimize intestinal flora and protect intestinal health of largemouth bass;using spec

关 键 词：五倍子单宁酸 大口黑鲈 生长性能 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]