生长育肥猪小麦消化能和代谢能的测定及预测模型的建立  

Determination and Prediction Model Establishment of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy of Wheat for Growing-Finishing Pigs

作　　者：刘小杰 冯淦熠 蒋线吉 欧阳晴 唐辉 田明洲 李瑞 龙次民[1] 黄瑞林[1] 印遇龙[1] LIU Xiaojie;FENG Ganyi;JIANG Xianji;OUYANG Qing;TANG Hui;TIAN Mingzhou;LI Rui;LONG Cimin;HUANG Ruilin;YIN Yulong(Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region of Chinese Academy of Sciences,National Engineering Laboratory for Poultry Breeding Pollution Control and Resource Technology,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process of Hunan,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety,College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室,动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第2期863-873,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2021YFD1300201,2021YFD1301004);云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090032);湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ40532)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在测定小麦用于饲喂生长肥育猪的消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME),并基于小麦有效化学成分含量构建DE和ME的预测模型。选取健康、体重为(50.0±1.7)kg的“杜×长×大”阉公猪22头,采取有重复的11×3不完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂10个小麦饲粮和1个基础饲粮,试验共3个周期,每期12 d(7 d预饲+5 d粪尿收集),采用全收粪、尿法和套算法测定生长育肥猪对小麦的DE和ME。结果显示:1)在饲喂基础上,10个小麦的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、总淀粉(TS)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、钙(Ca)、木聚糖(Xylan)和总磷(TP)含量及总能(GE)的平均值分别为87.40%、13.34%、1.94%、55.19%、1.83%、1.56%、14.78%、3.05%、0.05%、6.44%、0.31%和15.48 MJ/kg。2)在饲喂基础上,10个小麦DE和ME的平均值分别为13.85和13.32 MJ/kg。3)小麦NDF含量与DE、ME均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),DE和ME的最佳预测方程为:DE(MJ/kg)=17.783-0.266NDF(%)[剩余标准差(RSD)=0.375,决定系数(R2)=0.60,P<0.01];ME(MJ/kg)=19.453-0.415NDF(%)(RSD=0.400,R2=0.76,P<0.01)。综上可知,不同来源小麦的化学组成变异性较大,NDF含量是生长育肥猪小麦DE与ME的最佳预测因子。The aim of this experiment was to determine the digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)of wheat fed to growing-finishing pigs,and to establish prediction equations for DE and ME based on the effective chemical component contents of wheat.A total of 22 healthy“Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire”castrated male pigs with an average body weight of(50.0±1.7)kg were selected for this experiment.A replicated 11×3 incomplete Latin square design was employed,with 10 wheat diets and 1 basal diet,as well as 3 periods.Each period had 12 days(7 days of adaptation and 5 days of feces and urine collection).The total fecal and urine collection and difference method were used to determine the DE and ME of wheat fed to growing-finishing pigs.The results showed as follows:1)as-fed basis,the average contents of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),total starch(TS),crude ash(Ash),crude fiber(CF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),calcium(Ca),xylan(Xylan),total phosphorus(TP)and gross energy(GE)in 10 wheats were 87.40%,13.34%,1.94%,55.19%,1.83%,1.56%,14.78%,3.05%,0.05%,6.44%,0.31% and 15.48 MJ/kg,respectively.2)As-fed basis,the average values of DE and ME of 10 wheats were 13.85 and 13.32 MJ/kg,respectively.3)The NDF content of wheat exhibited a negative correlation with both DE and ME(P<0.05).The optimal prediction equations for DE and ME were as follows:DE(MJ/kg)=17.783-0.266NDF(%)[residual standard deviation(RSD)=0.400,R 2=0.76,P<0.01];ME(MJ/kg)=19.453-0.415NDF(%)(RSD=0.137,R 2=0.98,P<0.01).In conclusion,there is a significant variation in the chemical composition of different wheat,and the NDF content serves as the optimal predictor for the DE and ME in wheat of growing-finishing pigs.

关 键 词：小麦 生长育肥猪 消化能 代谢能 预测模型 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]