呼伦贝尔羊不同生长阶段瘤胃微生物变化与羊肉膻味相关微生物分析  

Microbial Changes in Rumen of Hulun Buir Sheep at Different Growth Stages and Analysis of Odor-Associated Microbial Communities

作　　者：赵烨嬋 欧慧敏 谭支良[1] 焦金真[1] ZHAO Yechan;OU Huimin;TAN Zhiliang;JIAO Jinzhen(Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Process,National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production,Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室,湖南省动物营养生理与代谢过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第2期1050-1062,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导专项(A类)子课题(XDA26040305);中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(161343KYSB20200015);长沙市科技计划项目(kq2107011)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同生长阶段呼伦贝尔羊的瘤胃微生物变化及与羊肉膻味相关微生物分析。本试验选取体况良好、初生体重[(3.63±0.46)kg]近似的新生呼伦贝尔羊32只,按照生长阶段(新生期、断奶期、育肥中期、育肥后期)分为4个处理,每个处理8只(公母各占1/2)。试验采集瘤胃食糜进行挥发性脂肪酸含量测定,同时应用16s rDNA测序分析瘤胃微生物群落。结果表明:1)随羊的日龄增长,瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),瘤胃发酵趋向于生成摩尔占比更多的丙酸或丁酸。2)α多样性结果显示,瘤胃微生物丰富度和多样性随羊的日龄增长而增加,在断奶期的增加最明显。β多样性结果显示,不同生长阶段的瘤胃微生物群落结构有显著不同(P<0.05)。3)在门水平上,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度随羊的日龄增长而显著降低(P<0.05);厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度在断奶期显著高于新生期(P<0.05)。在属水平上,拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、丛毛单胞菌属(Comamona)相对丰度随羊的日龄增长而显著降低(P<0.05);而普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)和丁酸弧菌属(Butyrivibrio)相对丰度却随羊的日龄增长而显著升高(P<0.05)。4)标志性差异菌种相对丰度与膻味脂肪酸含量的相关性聚类分为2类,解肝素拟杆菌(Bacteroides heparinolyticus)、普雷沃氏菌属sp002298815(Prevotella sp002298815)等11个菌种相对丰度与膻味脂肪酸含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05,r<-0.5);栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌(Prevotella ruminicola)及多酸光岗菌(Mitsuokella multacida)等4个菌种相对丰度与膻味脂肪酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05,r>0.5)。综上所述,呼伦贝尔羊瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸含量及微生物群落呈发育性变化,且其变化可能会影响皮下脂肪组织中膻味脂肪酸的沉积。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the microbial changes in rumen of Hulun Buir sheep at different growth stages and analysis of odor-associated microbial communities.In this study,32 newborn Hulun Buir sheep with good body condition and similar birth weight[(3.63±0.46)kg]were selected and divided into 4 treatments according to growth stages(newborn,weaning,middle and late fattening),with 8 sheep in each treatment(half male and half female).The rumen digests were collected for the determination of volatile fatty acid content,and the rumen microbial community was analyzed by 16s rDNA sequencing.The results showed as follows:1)the content of total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)in the rumen of sheep increased significantly with the increase of age(P<0.05),and the rumen fermentation tended to produce propionic acid or butyric acid with more molar ratio.2)Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness and diversity of rumen microorganisms increased as sheep aged,and the increase was the most obvious during the weaning stage.Beta diversity analysis showed that there were remarkable differences in rumen microbial community structure among four different growth stages(P<0.05).3)At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased,while the relative abundance of Firmicutes dramatically increased as sheep aged(P<0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Comamona declined with increasing ages(P<0.05).Conversely,the relative abundances of Prevotella and Butyrivibrio increased with age(P<0.05).4)The correlations between biomarker bacterial strains and odor fatty acid content was clustered into two categories:the relative abundances of 11 strains represented by Bacteroides heparinolyticus and Prevotella sp002298815 was significantly negatively correlated with odor fatty acid contents(P<0.05,r<-0.5);the relative abundance of 4 strains including Prevotella ruminicola and Mitsuokella multacida was remarkably positively correlated(P<0.05,r>0.5).In conclusi

关 键 词：不同生长阶段 瘤胃 膻味脂肪酸 微生物定植 呼伦贝尔羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]