番鸭不同质地蛋壳超微结构及其与蛋壳强度的关联分析  

Ultrastructure of Eggshells with Different Textures in Muscovy Ducks and Its Correlation with Eggshell Strength

作　　者：梅慧灵 郑定黔 赵邦哲 田若宁 陈莹 李昂[1] 连森阳[1] 梅景良[1] 吴旭[1] MEI Huiling;ZHENG Dingqian;ZHAO Bangzhe;TIAN Ruoning;CHEN Ying;LI Ang;LIAN Senyang;MEI Jingliang;WU Xu(College of Animal Science(College of Bee Science),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学动物科学学院(蜂学学院),福州350002

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第2期1350-1360,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-43);福建省农业良种育种攻关与产业化工程(zycxny2021014);福建省自然科学基金(2020J01536)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究番鸭正常蛋、沙壳蛋和条纹蛋等3种不同质地蛋壳在超微结构性状上的异同,并分析蛋壳超微结构性状与蛋壳强度之间的关联性。试验选用300日龄笼养白羽番鸭所产白色的正常蛋、沙壳蛋和条纹蛋厚度相近的蛋壳各12枚,分别作为3种不同质地蛋壳的试验组,每组设12个重复,每个重复1枚蛋壳。使用S3400N型扫描电镜观察蛋壳的超微结构,测定乳突层厚度和乳突间隙,计算有效厚度和平均乳突大小。结果表明:1)蛋壳强度在3种蛋之间差异显著(P<0.05),表现为正常蛋>沙壳蛋>条纹蛋;3种蛋间蛋形指数和钙化壳重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)在超微结构上,沙壳蛋和条纹蛋蛋壳的外表面皲裂较正常蛋蛋壳多而深,气孔较多,表观不平整;与正常蛋蛋壳相比,沙壳蛋蛋壳内表面纤维疏松凌乱,纤维间空隙较多,而条纹蛋蛋壳内表面纤维分布较沙壳蛋更为稀少,纤维间有明显间隙;沙壳蛋和条纹蛋蛋壳的横断面平整性和致密度都更差,乳突层与壳膜层联系也更加不紧密。在超微结构性状中,3种蛋壳间的钙化壳厚度和平均乳突大小差异不显著(P>0.05);沙壳蛋和条纹蛋蛋壳的乳突间隙均显著大于正常蛋蛋壳(P<0.05),而沙壳蛋和条纹蛋蛋壳之间差异不显著(P>0.05);乳突层厚度在3种蛋壳之间均存在显著差异(P<0.05),表现为正常蛋<沙壳蛋<条纹蛋;3种蛋壳间有效厚度也存在显著差异(P<0.05),但表现为正常蛋>沙壳蛋>条纹蛋。3)3种蛋壳的乳突层厚度与蛋壳强度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其相关系数分别为-0.868、-0.856和-0.837;乳突间隙与蛋壳强度也呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其相关系数分别为-0.736、-0.764和-0.781;有效厚度与蛋壳强度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),其相关系数分别为0.693、0.743和0.657;钙化壳厚度和平均乳突大小与蛋壳强度的相关性均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,厚度相似的番鸭正常蛋、沙壳蛋和条纹蛋蛋This experiment was conducted to investigate the ultrastructure of eggshells and the correlations between ultrastructural traits and eggshell strength obtained from normal eggs,pimpled eggs and striped eggs in Muscovy ducks.In this study,each 12 white normal eggs,pimpled eggs and striped eggs with similar eggshell thickness laid by 300-day-old white-feather Muscovy ducks were selected respectively as the experimental groups of three kinds of eggshells with different textures,with 12 replicates per group and one eggshell per replicate.The ultrastructure of eggshells was observed by S3400N scanning electron microscope,the mastoid layer thickness and mastoid gap were measured,and the effective thickness and average mastoid size were calculated.The results showed as follows:1)the differences in eggshell strength among the three eggs were significant with a ranking of normal eggs>pimpled eggs>striped eggs(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between egg shape index and calcified shell weight(P>0.05).2)In terms of ultrastructure,the cracks on the outer surface of pimpled eggshells and striped eggshells were more and deeper than normal eggshells,which were characteristic of more porous and uneven appearance.Compared with normal eggshells,the fiber on the inner surface of pimpled eggshells was loose and messy,with more interfibrous space,while the distribution of fibers on the inner surface of striped eggshells was rarer and the interfibrous space was more obvious than pimpled eggshells.There was poorer flatness and density of cross section,and less close connection between the mastoid layer and eggshell membrane layer of pimpled eggshells and striped eggshells.In terms of ultrastructural traits,there were no significant differences in calcified shell thickness and average mastoid size among three kinds of eggshells(P>0.05);the mastoid gap of pimpled eggshells and striped eggshells was significantly larger than normal eggshells(P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were observed between pimpled eggshells

关 键 词：番鸭 正常蛋 沙壳蛋 条纹蛋 超微结构 蛋壳强度 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]