育龄女性生育焦虑现象的生成逻辑与应对路径  

The Generation Logic and Coping Path of Fertility Anxiety among Women of Childbearing Age

作　　者：刘锟妹 熊凤水[1] Liu Kunmei;Xiong Fengshui

机构地区：[1]安徽大学

出　　处：《北京青年研究》2024年第1期37-46,共10页Beijing Youth Research

基　　金：安徽省妇联安徽省教育厅项目“家庭教育视域下形塑性别文化研究”(项目编号:2022-FNYJ-054);2021年度安徽大学社会与政治学院社会学学科研究生创新项目“三孩政策背景下女性生育焦虑研究”(项目编号:SZCXG202115)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在中国生育率持续走低的背景下,研究女性的生育焦虑具有社会现实意义。研究发现,作为生育主体的女性,她们“生还是不生”焦虑情绪的产生主要是由于捉襟见肘的家庭经济与育孩成本存在张力、育龄女性在职场普遍面临生育惩罚、“丧偶式”育儿及代际支持能力不足以及社交媒体对生育风险的扩大化宣传。作为生育政策的可为人群,可从育儿成本社会化、育儿体系公共化及生育环境友好化三个方面进行优化,以舒缓育龄女性生育焦虑,提振生育意愿,实现均衡人口结构的现实目标。In the context of China's declining fertility rate,it is of social practical significance to study women's fertility anxiety.The study found that as the main body of fertility,women's anxiety of"giving birth or not giving birth"is mainly due to the tension between the stretched family economy and the cost of childrearing,the fact that women of childbearing age generally face fer tility punishment in the workplace,the lack of"widowed"childrearing and intergenerational support,and the expanded publicity of social media on fertility risks.As a group of people for whom fertility policies can be optimized,three aspects can be optimized:socialization of child-rearing cost,publicization of the childcare system and friendliness of child-rearing environment,so as to relieve fertility anxiety of women of childbearing age,boost fertility desire and achieve the realistic goal of balanced population structure.

关 键 词：育龄女性 生育焦虑 生育成本 生育惩罚 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学] D669.68[政治法律—政治学]