互助:生物学家朱洗的进化思想及社会主张  

Zhu Xi:Evolutionary Ideas and Social Advocacy of a Biologist

作　　者：林梦月 LIN Mengyue(Department of History,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2024年第1期101-109,共9页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：生物学家朱洗因著作《生物的进化》被指摘反对达尔文学说及马克思主义,身后声名一度蒙尘。朱洗对达尔文的主要理论展开质疑,论据大量来自新拉马克学者德拉日及无政府主义先驱克鲁泡特金的《互助论》。考察朱洗早年著述及交友网络,他的确接受过无政府主义思想,但他在此书使用“互助”止步于进化论。受新拉马克学派、五四思潮及个人经历影响,朱洗将互助视为抗衡竞争的进化要素及人类道德秩序的基础。Zhu Xi was once accused of opposing Darwin's theory and Marxism in his book The Evolution of Life.His book questioned Darwin's significant theories,with many arguments from Yves Delage and Kropotkin.An examination of his early writings and social network reveals that he had previously accepted anarchist ideas.However,His use of“mutual aid”in this book is restricted to the domain of evolutionary theory.Influenced by Neo-Lamarckism,the May Fourth Movement,and personal experiences,Zhu Xi regarded mutual aid as a factor in evolution that counteracts competition and as the foundation of human moral order.

关 键 词：朱洗 进化论 互助 无政府主义 

分 类 号：K826.15[历史地理—历史学]