谣言治理的原则共识与权力边界——以关涉重大公共危机的谣言治理为中心  

Principle Consensuses and Power Intervention Boundaries of Rumor Governance——With the Governance of Epidemic Rumors Concerning Major Public Crises as the Focus

作　　者：王天林[1] Wang Tianlin

机构地区：[1]三亚学院应用法学研究所,三亚572000

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期182-205,241,共25页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：信息治理是公共治理研究的重要议题,也是检验国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的一个重要维度。如何对待谣言,特别是关涉重大公共危机的谣言,是新冠肺炎病毒留给人类的一个大问题。世界卫生组织对国际社会共同抗击“信息疫情”的呼吁,说明对涉及区域性乃至于整个人类社会公共安全的疫情谣言治理,不只是一个主权国家在国内法之下的治理问题,还是一个需要整个世界来应对的问题。“治国凭圭桌,安邦靠准绳”。在现代社会,法治作为公认的基本治国原则,要求对任何问题均需要依法施治,其宗旨在于限制权力,保护权利。论学贵在析理,故厘清谣言的含义、特性、危害与功能,是正确认识谣言并进而对其施治的前提与基础。在对关涉重大公共危机的谣言治理形成原则共识的基础之上,依法理划定权力干预的边界,方是杜绝权力滥用实现权利保障的治本之道。唯此,才能为人类社会应对关涉重大公共危机的谣言治理提供可资借鉴的积极经验。Information governance is an important dimensional topic in public governance research,and it is also an important dimension to test the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.How to deal with rumors,especially those concerning major public crises,is a large issue left to mankind by the COVID-19.The WHO's call for the international community to jointly fight against the information epidemic showed that the governance of pandemic rumors involving regional and even public safety of the entire human society was not only a sovereign country's governance under domestic law,but also a need for the whole world to deal with.Governing a country depends on rules and standards.In modern society,as a universally recognized basic principle of state governance,the rule of law requires that any problem should be governed by law whose purpose is to limit power and protect rights.As the first value of academic research is reasonable analysis,it is the premise and basis for a correct understanding and governance of rumors to clarify the meaning,characteristics,harm and function of rumors.On the basis of forming principled consensuses on the governance of rumors concerning major public crises,delimiting the boundaries of power intervention according to law is the only way to prevent the abuse of power and realize rights protection.Only in this way can we provide a positive experience for human society to deal with rumors related to major public crises.

关 键 词：信息治理 疫情谣言 原则共识 权力边界 “明显与即刻危险”原则 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]