乡村内生性合作金融组织的成长逻辑、现实问题与政策取向——基于农村金融改革试验区的多案例调查研究  

Growth Logic,Problems and Policy Orientation of Rural Internal Cooperative Financial Organizations:Multiple Case Study Based on Rural Financial Reform Pilot Zones

作　　者：张林[1] 温涛[1] 刘达 ZHANG Lin;WEN Tao;LIU Da

机构地区：[1]西南大学普惠金融与农业农村发展研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第2期72-86,共15页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接研究”(编号:21ZDA062);国家社会科学基金一般项目“农业强国目标下健全农村金融服务体系的机制与路径研究”(编号:23BJY149);国家社会科学基金重点项目“财政金融配合深化与农村产业内需动力释放研究”(编号:21AJY006);国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字普惠金融赋能小农经济现代化改造研究”(编号:23AJY014)。

摘　　要：大力发展乡村内生性合作金融组织可以有效缓解农村金融服务包容性缺失问题,是新时代健全农村金融服务体系的重要举措之一。湖南沅陵、安徽金寨、河南兰考三个农村金融改革试验区紧扣“信用合作、产业发展”两大主题,以降低金融准入门槛与创新合作金融扶贫机制相结合为手段解决了农户融资难、融资贵等问题,以农村基层组织为依托革新了合作金融管理体系和降低交易成本,以生产关系为纽带探索了多样化的农民专业合作社内部信用合作模式,取得了显著的实践成效。然而,农民专业合作社内部信用合作试点也存在组织性质和法律地位不明确、内部治理与互助机制有待优化、政府扶持力度有待加强、金融风险防控和处置机制有待完善、创新意识和创新能力不足等现实问题。因此,新时代新征程要促进乡村内生性合作金融组织规范发展,亟需强化顶层设计与优化监管机制、完善管理运营和治理体系、加大政府支持与多部门协同配合、以金融科技创新促进风险防控升级、创新合作金融服务有效满足多元化金融需求。Developing rural internally generated cooperative financial organizations vigorously is able to fill the gap in rural financial services effectively,and it is one of the important approach to im-prove rural financial system in the new era.The rural financial reform pilot zones in Yuanling,Jinzhai,Lankao closely focus on the two major themes of"credit cooperation"and"industrial development",and solve the dilemma of rural household financing by the combination of lowering financial access threshold and innovative cooperative financial poverty alleviation mechanism.Relying on rural grassroots organizations,it has innovated the cooperative financial management system and reduced transaction costs,explored a variety of internal credit cooperation models of farmers'cooperatives with production relations as a link,and achieved remarkable practical results.However,there are also unsolved problems in the pilot credit cooperation within farmers'cooperatives,such as unclear organizational nature and legal status,optimization of internal governance and mutual assistance mechanisms,strengthening of government support,improvement of financial risk prevention and control and disposal mechanisms,and insufficient innovation awareness and ability.Therefore,in order to promote the standardized development of rural endogenous cooperative financial organizations in the new era,it is urgent to strengthen the toplevel design and optimize the regulatory mechanism,improve the management,operation and governance system,increase government support and multi-sector coordination,promote risk prevention and control upgrading through financial technology innovation,and innovate cooperative financial services to meet diversified financial needs.

关 键 词：农民专业合作社 内生性合作金融 农村金融改革试验区 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学] F323