活化剂与植物联合修复Pb、Zn和Cd污染土壤研究  

Study on Remediation of Pb,Zn and Cd Contaminated Soil by Combined Activator and Plant

作　　者：胡茂盛 聂小奇 张杏锋[1,2] 高波 虞乾魁[1,2] 陈虹旭 HU Maosheng;NIE Xiaoqi;ZHANG Xingfeng;GAO Bo;YU Qiankui;CHEN Hongxu(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;College of Tourism and Landscape Architecture,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;College of Plant and Ecological Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林理工大学旅游与风景园林学院,广西桂林541004 [4]桂林理工大学植物与生态工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第10期1-15,共15页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107025);广西矿冶与环境科学实验中心项目(KH2012ZD004);广西旅游产业研究院专项基金项目(LYCY2023-12);广西新农科研究与实践项目(桂教高教〔2022〕47号:XNK2022006)。

摘　　要：添加外源活化剂调控和间作是提高重金属污染土壤植物修复的有效方法。通过盆栽试验研究外源添加乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、聚天冬氨酸(PASP)和乙二胺四乙酸+聚天冬氨酸(EDTA+PASP)对少花龙葵、翅果菊修复Pb、Zn和Cd复合污染土壤的影响。结果表明:添加活化剂提高了土壤pH值和土壤有机质含量。EDTA+PASP对土壤重金属有效态含量影响不大,但EDTA与PASP对土壤重金属有效态含量分别表现为活化和钝化作用。土壤中添加PASP使单作翅果菊株高增加5.98%,使单作少花龙葵鲜重增加36.82%,使间作少花龙葵地下部的干重增加52.93%。虽然EDTA对植物生物量影响不大,但EDTA能够活化土壤中的重金属,单作和间作条件下均能够促进翅果菊和少花龙葵对Pb和Zn吸收,分别使翅果菊地下部Pb和Zn提取量提高187.63%和21.21%,使翅果菊地上部Zn浓度提高62.29%。土壤添加PASP使单作翅果菊和间作翅果菊地上部Cd含量分别降低38.88%和58.86%。植物对Pb、Zn和Cd总提取量主要表现为间作>少花龙葵>翅果菊。少花龙葵和翅果菊在EDTA处理下Pb、Zn和Cd富集系数(BCF)分别为0.119~0.219、0.118~0.142、5.36~6.28,转运系数(TF)分别为0.472~2.17、0.968~1.37、1.31~2.81。在各种活化剂处理下,EDTA显著增加重金属溶出液浓度,溶出液重金属浓度规律为EDTA>EDTA+PASP>PASP>CK处理,溶出液中Pb、Zn、Cd最大浓度分别为76.1、31.5、1.53 mg/L。研究表明,PASP显著提高植物生物量,EDTA在植物单作或间作条件下均促进对土壤Pb、Zn和Cd的提取与富集,EDTA能够提高植物对Pb、Zn和Cd污染土壤的修复潜力,但增加了Pb、Zn和Cd向下迁移的风险。In the realm of phytoremediation for heavy metal-contaminated soil,the incorporation of exogenous activator regulation and intercropping has proven to be an efficacious method.To assess this,a pot experiment was conducted,examin⁃ing the impact of exogenous additions of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA),polyaspartic acid(PASP),and the combina⁃tion of both(EDTA+PASP)on the remediation of Pb,Zn,and Cd contaminated soil using Solanum photeinocarpum and Pterocypsela indica.Our findings reveal that the introduction of these activators resulted in an increase in soil pH and soil organic matter content.Notably,EDTA and PASP exhibited activation and passivation effects,respectively,on the con⁃tent of available heavy metals in the soil.While EDTA+PASP had a negligible impact on the content of available heavy met⁃als,it was observed that the addition of PASP to the soil led to a significant increase in plant height for monocropped P.indica by 5.98%,fresh weight for monocropped S.photeinocarpum by 36.82%,and dry weight for intercropped S.photeinocarpum by 52.93%.Though EDTA showed limited influence on plant biomass,it exhibited the ability to activate heavy metals within the contaminated soil.Specifically,under both monocropping and intercropping conditions,EDTA facilitated the absorption of Pb and Zn by S.photeinocarpum and P.indica.This resulted in a notable increase in the extraction of Pb by 187.63%and Zn by 21.21%in the root of P.indica.Additionally,the Zn concentration in the shoot of P.indica increased by 62.29%.Meanwhile,the introduction of PASP into the soil led to a reduction in Cd content in the shoot of monocropped and intercropped P.indica by 38.88%and 58.86%,respectively.In terms of the total extraction of Pb,Zn,and Cd by plants,the hierarchy was as inter⁃cropping>S.photeinocarpum>P.indica.Under EDTA treatment,the bioaccumulation factor(BCF)for Pb,Zn,and Cd ranged from 0.119 to 0.219,0.118 to 0.142,and 5.36 to 6.28,respectively,while the translocation factor(TF)ranged from 0.472 to 2.17,0.968 to 1

关 键 词：重金属 植物修复 淋溶 乙二胺四乙酸 聚天冬氨酸 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]