城市集水区多环芳烃环境残留过程的城镇化响应  

Environmental Pollution Processes of PAHs in a City Catchment During Urbanization

作　　者：郗秀平 陈永山 马军[2] 罗飞 XI Xiuping;CHEN Yongshan;MA Jun;LUO Fei(Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science,Shenzhen 518001,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;School of Resources and Environmental Science,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市环境科学研究院,广东深圳518001 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [3]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第10期24-31,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301572)。

摘　　要：该文以典型城市集水区表层沉积物中的多环芳烃为研究对象,探讨基于市区-郊区梯度下多环芳烃环境残留的城镇化响应。该城市集水区表层沉积物16种多环芳烃(PAHs)总量范围在1.8~4126.3 ng/g之间,平均含量为403.2 ng/g。随着城镇化水平的增加,PAHs总量呈现增加的趋势;城镇化水平较高地区(市区)的低环PAHs所占的比例要低于城镇化水平较低地区(郊区),这可能是城镇化过程引起区域PAHs污染源差异所致。特征化合物分子比例法和主成分分析-多元逐步线性回归法分析表明,宁波市PAHs主要来源于交通排放和煤燃烧。市区PAHs的交通排放和煤燃烧源贡献率高达78%;郊区柴油燃烧源贡献率为42%,其次为煤燃烧源(33.9%),呈现出PAHs污染源的城镇化差异。沉积物质量基准法分析表明,研究城市集水区表层沉积物16种PAHs的潜在生态风险较低,且呈现城镇化差异(效应区间低值(ERL)商平均值,P<0.05)。市区有个别点(H3)PAHs的ERL商平均值大于1,具有一定生态风险,郊区PAHs的ERL商平均值均未超标;其中市区16种PAHs总毒性当量浓度是郊区的3倍多(均值),7种致癌性PAHs是潜在致癌性的主要风险因子。Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in surface sediment from city catchment area were selected to research the environmental responses of PAHs contamination under an urban-suburb gradient.Total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the samples were found from 1.8 ng/g to 4126.3 ng/g,with the average concentration of 403.2 ng/g.The total concentrations of 16 PAHs increased with urbanization levels,which were higher in the urban area than that in the suburban area.The composi⁃tion of low molecular weight PAHs was higher in the suburban area than that in the urban area.These were probably because PAHs source differed during urbanization.The results of isomer ratios of PAHs and principal component analysis coupled with multiple stepwise linear regressions showed that PAHs in Ningbo were mainly from traffic emissions and coal combus⁃tion.The proportion of traffic emissions and coal combustion mixed sources was 78%in the urban area with high-level urban⁃ization.In contrast,the proportion of diesel-power vehicular was 42%,and coal combustion was 33.9%in the suburban area with low-level urbanization.These showed a difference in PAHs sources with a gradient of urbanization.Ecological risk analysis by the sediment quality guidelines(SQGs)showed that the potential ecological risk of 16 PAHs in surface sediment from urban catchment area was low,and a significant difference was observed in the average of effect rang low(ERL)quotient between urban and suburban areas(P<0.05).The average of ERL quotient of H3 sampling site in the urban area exceeded 1,which might raise some ecological risk.While the average of ERL quotient of sampling sites in the suburban area did not exceed 1.The toxic benzo[a]pyrene equivalents(TEQBaP)of 16 PAHs(mean value)in urban area was 3 times higher than that in suburban area,and 7 carcinogenic PAHs were the main factors to the ecological risk.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 集水区 城镇化 源解析 生态风险 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]