呼吸道病毒感染的肺部黏膜免疫应答研究  

Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals distinct pulmonary immune responses during influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections

作　　者：赵敏 邵菲 刘臻 马江文 於逗 张杭杰 戴连攀 徐坤 赵欣 郑梦利 高福 王硕 Min Zhao;Fei Shao;Zhen Liu;Jiangwen Ma;Dou Yu;Hangjie Zhang;Lianpan Dai;Kun Xu;Xin Zhao;Mengli Zheng;George Fu Gao;Shuo Wang(CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;Department of Immunization Program,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310057,China;Research Network of Immunity and Health(RNIH),Beijing Institutes of Life Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Thoracic Surgery Department,College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Chinese People’s Liberation Army(PLA)General Hospital,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China [3]Department of Immunization Program,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310057,China [4]Research Network of Immunity and Health(RNIH),Beijing Institutes of Life Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [5]Thoracic Surgery Department,College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Chinese People’s Liberation Army(PLA)General Hospital,Beijing 100091,China

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2023年第24期3137-3141,M0005,共6页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92169113);the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-010);the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2302900);the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of CAS(ZDBS-LY-SM025)。

摘　　要：流感病毒和新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)是近年来频繁引发呼吸道疾病的主要病原,其引起的黏膜免疫应答对于病毒的控制和清除至关重要.目前对于SARS-CoV-2感染后肺部黏膜免疫应答的具体调控机制及其与流感感染的区别尚不清楚我们通过原位杂交-多重免疫荧光染色技术及空间转录组学揭示了流感病毒和SARS-CoV-2感染过程中局部免疫应答的动态变化过程,并发现相比于流感病毒感染,SARS-CoV-2感染早期肺部黏膜会更加快速地形成诱导性支气管相关淋巴组织(iBALT)结构并活化B1细胞产生较高水平IgM和IgA,可能在抗病毒感染及iBALT的形成中发挥重要作用.同时,SARS-CoV-2及表达其S蛋白的假病毒感染均能够促进小鼠和人的B1细胞的活化.将表达S蛋白的腺病毒疫苗AdC7-S对小鼠进行免疫后,可以成功诱导出包含B1细胞的iBALT,并在病毒感染中发挥保护作用.本研究揭示了呼吸道病毒引起的肺脏黏膜免疫动态应答过程,并阐明了SARS-CoV-2感染早期B1细胞的活化特点及免疫保护作用,为揭示新发呼吸道传染病的保护性应答机制及疫苗设计提供了理论基础.Influenza A virus(IAV)and SARS-CoV-2 directly target the respiratory system,and thus the local immune responses are critical for the pathogen control[1].However,the regulation of local pulmonary immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection and how they differ from those induced by influenza virus infection are rarely known.Herein,we used spatial transcriptomics to investigate the dynamic changes in local immune responses during influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections(Fig.1a).

关 键 词：呼吸道疾病 感染早期 流感病毒 免疫保护作用 抗病毒感染 感染过程 黏膜免疫 呼吸道病毒感染 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]