Regulating the electrolyte solvation structure by weakening the solvating power of solvents for stable lithium metal batteries  

作　　者：Jia-Lin Liang Shu-Yu Sun Nan Yao Zhao Zheng Qian-Kui Zhang Bo-Quan Li Xue-Qiang Zhang Jia-Qi Huang 

机构地区：[1]School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [2]Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [3]Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100081,China

出　　处：《Science China Chemistry》2023年第12期3620-3627,共8页中国科学（化学英文版）

基　　金：supported by National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFB2400300);the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (JQ20004);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22209010 and 22109007);the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars;the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program。

摘　　要：Rational electrolyte design is essential for stabilizing high-energy-density lithium(Li)metal batteries but is plagued by poor understanding on the effect of electrolyte component properties on solvation structure and interfacial chemistry.Herein,regulating the solvation structure in localized high-concentration electrolytes(LHCE)by weakening the solvating power of solvents is proposed for high-performance LHCE.1,3-dimethoxypropane(DMP)solvent has relatively weak solvating power but maintains the high solubility of Li salts,thus impelling the formation of nanometric aggregates where an anion coordinates to more than two Li-ions(referred to AGG-n)in LHCE.The decomposition of AGG-n increases the Li F content in solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),further enabling uniform Li deposition.The cycle life of Li metal batteries with DMP-based LHCE is 2.1 times(386 cycles)as that of advanced ether-based LHCE under demanding conditions.Furthermore,a Li metal pouch cell of 462Wh kg^(-1)undergoes 58 cycles with the DMP-based LHCE pioneeringly.This work inspires ingenious solvating power regulation to design high-performance electrolytes for practical Li metal batteries.

关 键 词：lithium metal anodes solvation structure 1 3-dimethoxypropane nanometric aggregates pouch cells 

分 类 号：O646.1[理学—物理化学]