视觉动势视角下的“完形”建构——以杜斯伯格的建筑设计与绘画形式为例  

The Construction of‘Gestalt’in the Perspective of Visual Dynamics Triggering:The Architectural Design and Pictorial forms of Theo Van Dusberg as an Example

作　　者：任之瀚 杨培峰 杨迪 成家欣 Ren Zhihan;Yang Peifeng;Yang Di;Cheng Jiaxin(College of Architecture&Unban Planning,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China)

机构地区：[1]福建理工大学建筑与城乡规划学院,福州350118

出　　处：《艺术与设计（理论版）》2023年第12期25-29,共5页Art and Design

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFE0200100);2021年度江苏省政策引导类计划(BZ2021015);大型线性遗产视角下福建省海上丝绸之路史迹的类型及其保护体系研究(SDYY2203),一带一路实验室重点课题。

摘　　要：以特奥·凡·杜斯伯格为代表的荷兰风格派所倡导的“以整体性视角构作物象,追求和谐与均衡的元素本质”的抽象艺术形式与鲁道夫·阿恩海姆的视知觉理论存在强烈、深层的逻辑关联,以视知觉理论进行分析,能为研究杜斯伯格与风格派的抽象艺术与设计实践提供更科学的理论支持。文章在阿恩海姆的视知觉理论的基础上,以“视觉动势”的视角作为线索,选取了杜斯伯格的绘画与建筑设计作为研究对象,旨在透过其作品中色彩、线条、几何图形这几个最基本的组成元素以及非对称性构图的形式,深度分析其作品形式中所蕴含的视觉动势、平面与三维空间中斜线串联的“完型”构成,再结合杜斯伯格“整体和谐的塑性建筑”的设计思想,论述无论是杜斯伯格的抽象艺术形式与建筑设计,还是阿恩海姆视知觉理论,其目的都是对隐藏在客观物象中的——和谐的求索,都是主体对生命、客观世界经历的精神体验的表达。The abstract art form advocated by the Dutch stylists represented by Theo van Dusberg,which"constructs images from a holistic perspective,and pursues the e lemental nature of harmony and balance",has a strong and deep logical connection with Rudolf Arnheim's theory of visual perception.Analyzing with visual perception theory can provide more scientific theoretical support for studying Duesberg's abstract art and design practice with the Stylists.Based on Arnheim's theory of visual perception,this paper takes the perspective of Visual dynamics triggering as a clue and selects Duesberg's paintings and architectural designs as the object of study.The aim is to analyze in depth the Visual dynamics triggering contained in the forms of his works and the construction of‘Gestalt’of diagonal lines in different spaces through the most basic elements of colour,line and geometry and the form of asymmetrical composition,and then In the light of Duesberg's design ideas of holistic and harmonious plastic architecture,it is discussed that both Duesberg's abstract art forms and architectural designs and Arnheim's theory of visual perception aim at the search for harmony hidden in objective objects,and are expressions of the subject's spiritual experience of life and the objective world.

关 键 词：杜斯伯格 视觉动势 抽象艺术 视知觉理论 塑性建筑 完形心理学 阿恩海姆 

分 类 号：J201[艺术—美术]