HUL视角下中国近现代公寓建筑遗产谱系研究  

Heritage Genealogy Study of Chinese Modern Apartment Buildings from the Perspective of Historic Urban Landscape

作　　者：肖竞[1] 齐才砚 谢嫣然 李若晨 曹珂 XIAO Jing;QI Caiyan;XIE yanran;LI Ruochen;CAO Ke

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院、山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [2]重庆大学建筑城规学院 [3]重庆工商大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2024年第2期10-19,共10页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608063):基于动态评测的历史街区保护微干预方法研究——以成渝典型历史街区为实证案例;重庆市社会科学规划项目(2020YBGL74):基于多源数据关联分析的城市历史街区公共服务质效评价与提升研究。

摘　　要：建筑遗产谱系研究对于城乡建筑遗产保护与文化传承工作具有指导意义。中国近现代历史公寓是一种特殊的建筑遗产类型,其与中国近现代国家、城市发展历史背景紧密关联,具有城市历史景观属性。以谱系视角切入公寓建筑遗产研究,借鉴城市历史景观理论,建构了以建筑功能类型和历史范型关联解析为研究路径,以时期划分、语境解析、特征识别、谱系建构为研究步骤,以建筑属性特征3要素(区位条件、权属主体、称谓方式)和形态特征3要素(空间组织、形体轮廓、装饰细部)为研究要素的城市建筑遗产谱系研究方法。通过多样区、多时段关联解析,梳理、识别出1840年—1980年间中国公寓建筑建造的历史语境、多元特征和时代价值,并据此建构出以住宅、宿舍、旅社3大类及其9亚类、18小类功能类型和以开埠通商、民族革命、抗战斗争、解放建国初、人民公社与三线建设5阶段22类历史范型为类属坐标的中国近现代公寓建筑遗产谱系。相关方法、结论可为城市建筑遗产谱系研究和公寓建筑遗产保护实践提供参考。Architectural genealogy study is a paradigm of architectural research that reveals the characteristics and evolutionary process of specific architectural types through multi-sample analysis and spectral relationship sorting.It helps to scientifically identify the characteristics and significance of architectural heritage objects,thus enabling one to accurately classify architectural heritage types and provide targeted guidance for their preservation and displaying their practices.The apartment buildings constructed in Modern China are a special type of architectural heritage because they have witnessed and recorded the national and ethnic development history in different periods of modern China,with typical styles.They play an important role in urban history,cultural values and public aesthetics.They are often listed and conserved as cultural heritage sites or historic buildings.The historical apartment buildings constructed in different cities and periods have extensive and profound genealogical connections.Therefore,it is necessary to observe a systematic logic during value exploration,culture interpretation,and conservation management of them.Research on architectural heritage conservation is limited due to the governance logic of"regional autonomy"and lack of recognition as well as value review of architectural heritages in specific cities and periods.However,there is a lack of systematic research that could integrate regional heritage characteristics and value clues from a macro perspective of national and ethnic development,evolution processes,heritage classification and heritage genealogy construction.As a result,it is difficult to establish accurate category coordinates and scientific value genealogy of conservation objects.This study investigated apartment building heritage preservation from a genealogical perspective.Based on the theory of historical urban landscape,a research method for architectural genealogy in urban areas was established.This method used the correlation analysis between architectura

关 键 词：建筑历史 近现代建筑 公寓建筑 遗产谱系 历史范型 城市历史景观 

分 类 号：TU-02[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-098