中国老年慢性病患者生命质量现状及影响因素研究——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析  

Quality of Life and Influencing Factors of Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in China:Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS Data

作　　者：史盼盼 刘慧君[2] 任延平[3] 信博 蒋文慧[1] SHI Panpan;LIU Huijun;REN Yanping;XIN Bo;JIANG Wenhui(Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,710061,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,陕西西安710049 [3]西安交通大学第一附属医院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2024年第1期49-53,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA103)。

摘　　要：目的 明确我国老年慢性病患者生命质量现状及其影响因素,为进一步提高老年慢性病人群的生命质量提供依据。方法 采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2018年数据,共纳入2 261名老年慢性病患者。采用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)评定生命质量,以多元线性回归分析生命质量的影响因素。结果 老年慢性病患者前5位的疾病分别为:高血压、血脂异常、消化系统疾病、关节炎或风湿病和心脏病;老年慢性病患者EQ-5D得分为(0.697±0.166)分,其5个维度得分最差的是:疼痛或不适(0.090±0.071)、行动(0.081±0.057);饮酒、参与社交活动、慢性病种数和养老保险是影响老年慢性病患者生命质量的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年慢性病患者的生命质量状况一般,需注重控制老年慢性疾病,勿强制干预生活方式,鼓励老年人积极参与社交活动,完善养老保险,以提高老年慢性病患者的生命质量。Objective To clarify the status and influencing factors of quality of life among elderly patients with chronic diseases in China,and to provide evidence for further improving the quality of life of this population.MethodsA total of 2 261 elderly patients with chronic diseases were recruited from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018.European five-dimension health scale(EQ-5D)was used to assess the quality of life,and multiple linear regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of quality of life.Results The top 5 diseases of senile chronic diseases included hypertension,dyslipidemia,digestive system diseases,arthritis or rheumatism and heart disease.EQ-5D score of senile chronic disease patients was(0.697±0.166),and the worst scores of the five dimensions were pain or discomfort(0.090±0.071)and action(0.081±0.057).Drinking,participation in social activities,number of chronic diseases and endowment insurance were the important factors affecting the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases is average.It is necessary to control chronic diseases of the elderly,do not forcibly interfere with the lifestyle,promote the elderly to actively participate in social activities,improve the endowment insurance,in order to improve the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases.

关 键 词：慢性病 生命质量 老年人 中国健康与养老追踪调查 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R212.7