乌鲁木齐市社区失能老年人社会支持水平及影响因素  

Social Support Level and Influencing Factors of Disabled Elderly in Urumqi

作　　者：潘硕 张晓阳[2] 张蕾[2] PAN Shuo;ZHANG Xiaoyang;ZHANG Lei(Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefrcture People's Hospital,Bole,Xinjiang,833400,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]博尔塔拉蒙古自治州人民医院,新疆博乐833400 [2]新疆医科大学第五附属医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2024年第1期83-87,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆计划项目(2020E02124)。

摘　　要：目的 了解乌鲁木齐市社区失能老年人社会支持水平及其影响因素。方法 2021年12-2022年4月,通过多阶段随机抽样选取乌鲁木齐市天山区、沙依巴克区、水磨沟区、新市区社区60岁以上老年人共500名,使用一般资料调查表、老年人能力等级评估表、社会支持评定量表,进行入户调查。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和多元线性回归分析乌鲁木齐市社区失能老年人社会支持水平情况及其影响因素。结果 失能老人中社会支持平均分为(31.00±7.94)分,年龄(60~69岁:β=0.247,70~<79岁:β=0.150)、子女数量(2个:β=0.263,3个:β=0.230,4个及以上:β=0.294)、慢性病数量(1种:β=-0.557,2种及以上:β=-0.327)、重度失能等级(Ⅱ级:β=-0.188,Ⅲ级:β=-0.244)是影响乌鲁木齐市社区失能老年人社会支持水平的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 乌鲁木齐社区失能老年人社会支持处于中等水平,应从社会-社区-家庭多方面提高失能老年人社会支持水平,改善其不良心理状态,以提高生命质量及身心健康。Objective To investigate the level of social support and its influencing factors for disabled elderly people in Urumqi community.Methods From December 2021 to April 2022,a total of 500 elderly people over 60 years old in Tianshan district,Shaibak district,Shuimogou district and Xincheng district of Urumqi were selected by multistage random sampling.A household survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire,Elderly Abi-lity Rating Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.Independent sample t-test,one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the social support level of disabled elderly people in Urumqi communities and its influencing factors.Results The average score of social support among the disabled elderly was(31.00±7.94).Age(60-<70 years old:β=0.247,70-<80 years old:β=0.150),number of children(2:β=0.263,3:β=0.230,4 or more:β=0.294),number of chronic diseases(1:β=-0.557,2 or more:β=-0.327),severe disability grade(Ⅱ:β=-0.188,Ⅲ:β=-0.244)were the main influencing factors of social support level of disabled elderly people in Urumqi community(all P< 0.05).Conclusion The social support of the disabled elderly in Urumqi community is at medium level.The level of social support should be improved from the aspects of society,community and family,so as to improve their bad mental state and better promote their quality of life and physical and mental health.

关 键 词：老年人 失能 社会支持水平 影响因素 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]