50岁及以上人群对艾滋病歧视现状及其影响因素研究  

AIDS stigma among people aged 50 and over and its influencing factor

作　　者：郝家琪 陈嘉 王晨 陈文俊 杜晓宇 HAO Jiaqi;CHEN Jia;WANG Chen;CHEN Wenjun;DU Xiaoyu(Xiangya School of Nursing,Central South University,Changsha 410075,Hunan,China;Hunan College of Foreign Studies,Changsha 410211,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅护理学院,长沙410075 [2]湖南外国语职业学院,长沙410211

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2024年第1期49-54,共6页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：护理学湖南省重点实验室(2017TP1004);湖南省自然科学基金(2020 JJ4687)。

摘　　要：目的探索50岁及以上人群对艾滋病歧视现状及相关影响因素。方法本文为横断面研究,于2022年10-12月,采用分层整群抽样法抽取湖南省五个区域的人群(≥50岁)进行问卷调查,采用的问卷工具为一般资料调查表、艾滋病知识问卷、艾滋病歧视量表。使用SPSS 25.0统计软件对数据进行统计,采用t检验和多元线性回归分析艾滋病歧视的影响因素。结果最终收取有效问卷959份,调查结果显示50岁及以上人群的艾滋病知识知晓率为39.52%,艾滋病歧视平均得分为(3.56±0.61)分,知晓艾滋病知识的人群的艾滋病歧视水平明显低于不知晓艾滋病知识的人群,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),多元线性回归结果表明,男性、文化程度较低、居住地经济水平低、与家人伴侣居住、月收入较低以及不知晓艾滋病知识都能导致艾滋病歧视水平升高(P<0.05)。结论居住地区、受教育程度、性别及其收入情况都是影响50岁及以上人群对艾滋病歧视的关键因素。应重点针对男性、经济不发达地区、低学历、低收入、不知晓艾滋病知识的50岁及以上人群开展易于接受的反艾滋病歧视宣传,有效降低艾滋病歧视水平。Objective To investigate AIDS stigma among the people aged 50 and over,and its influencing factors.Methods From October to December 2022,a cross-sectional study was conducted,and the respondents(≥50 years old)were selected from five regions of Hunan Province to conduct a questionnaire survey using the stratified cluster sampling method.The questionnaire instruments included general information questionnaire,AIDS knowledge questionnaire,and AIDS stigma scale.SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data,and t-test and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to investigate the factors influencing AIDS stigma.Results A total of 959 valid questionnaires were collected.The results showed that the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 39.52%,the mean score of AIDS stigma was 3.56±0.61.The score of AIDS stigma was significantly lower among people aged 50 and over who were aware of AIDS knowledge than among those who were not aware of AIDS knowledge,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that being male,having a lower education level,living in a place with a low economic level,living with a domestic partner,having a low monthly income,and being unaware of AIDS knowledge may lead to a higher score of AIDS stigma(P<0.05).Conclusions Residential area,education level,gender and income status are the key factors influencing AIDS stigma among the people aged 50 and over.Anti-AIDS stigma campaigns should focus on people aged 50 and over who are men,live in economically underdeveloped areas,have low education,low income and are unaware of AIDS knowledge,so as to effectively reduce the level of AIDS stigma.

关 键 词：艾滋病 50岁及以上人群 艾滋病歧视 相关性分析 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]