炔键赋予的石墨炔位点选择性修饰  

Selective Modification of Graphdiyne Sites Endowed by Alkyne Bonds

作　　者：王祖民 杨乃亮 于然波[2] 王丹[1] WANG Zumin;YANG Nailiang;YU Ranbo;WANG Dan(State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所,生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第2期390-404,共15页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51932001)。

摘　　要：石墨炔是由2种不同杂化形式的碳原子拓扑有序构成的二维碳同素异形体。石墨炔中共存的sp和sp^(2)杂化碳原子使得表面电子局域不均匀分布,从而为设计化学反应、位点选择掺杂、可控的原子担载提供了可能。本文从石墨炔独特的富炔结构出发,总结了石墨炔的精准修饰技术:1)石墨炔与纳米颗粒复合,利用金属-石墨炔的成键,提升材料间的电荷转移;2)利用炔键所赋予的化学反应位点,实现异质原子定点可控掺杂;3)利用石墨炔炔键电子与金属空轨道作用,调控离子或原子的传输与锚定。石墨炔的炔键结构为发展新合成方法,拓展材料在能源、催化等领域的应用提供了新的思路。Graphyne is a two-dimensional carbon allotropy that consists of different hybrid forms of carbon atoms in topological order.In different kinds of graphyne,carbon atoms undergo a rich bonding process through sp and sp2 hybridization,i.e.,aromatic bonds,single bonds,and triple bonds,forming electron covalent frameworks and pores.Different bond lengths provide a higher structural flexibility and make coordination environmental regulation easier.For instance,the coexistence of sp and sp^(2) hybrid carbon atoms in graphdiyne(i.e.,a typical and only artificially synthesized graphyne)makes the surface local electrons distributed unevenly,which makes it possible to design chemical reactions,site selective doping,and controllable atomic loading.The effective synthesis of graphdiyne(GDY)has thus brought a vitality to the research and development of carbon materials,providing a platform for carbon materials in various fields such as energy conversion and storage,optics,electronics,and magnetism,and having opportunities for the development of transformative materials.This unique alkyne bond rich structure provides almost infinite possibilities for the precise GDY tailoring towards different specific application scenarios.This review thus represented recent development on the GDY modifications and the corresponding functionalities of alkyne bonds.The precise modifications of graphdiyne(GDY)with the unique acetylene rich structure can be summarized as follows:1)Compounding graphdiyne with nanoparticles(NPs),or the formation of metal graphdiyne bonding to enhance the charge transfer between materials.The structure rich in sp carbon can hybridize with other active components(such as molecules and NPs)to form a larger electron cloud density overlap,resulting in intense interactions.The composition with NPs can accelerate electron transfer and enhance the activity and stability for catalysis.GDY is easy to obtain and lose electrons,which is referred as an“electron sponge”property.A portion of GDY electrons can transfer with th

关 键 词：石墨炔 炔键化学 二维材料 精准制备 催化材料 

分 类 号：O613[理学—无机化学]